Sex-dependent regulation of vertebrate somatic growth and aging by germ cells

The function of germ cells in somatic growth and aging has been demonstrated in invertebrate models but remains unclear in vertebrates. We demonstrated sex-dependent somatic regulation by germ cells in the short-lived vertebrate model . In females, germ cell removal shortened life span, decreased es...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science advances 2024-06, Vol.10 (24), p.eadi1621
Main Authors: Abe, Kota, Ino, Hikaru, Niwa, Tomomi, Semmy, Daniel, Takaochi, Ayami, Nishimura, Takashi, Mogi, Chihiro, Uenaka, Maki, Ishii, Masaru, Tanaka, Kaori, Ohkawa, Yasuyuki, Ishitani, Tohru
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging - physiology
Animals
Biomedicine and Life Sciences
Body Size
Developmental Biology
Estrogens - metabolism
Female
Germ Cells - cytology
Germ Cells - metabolism
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - metabolism
Male
SciAdv r-articles
Sex Characteristics
Signal Transduction
Vertebrates
Vitamin D - metabolism
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Summary:The function of germ cells in somatic growth and aging has been demonstrated in invertebrate models but remains unclear in vertebrates. We demonstrated sex-dependent somatic regulation by germ cells in the short-lived vertebrate model . In females, germ cell removal shortened life span, decreased estrogen, and increased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling. In contrast, germ cell removal in males improved their health with increased vitamin D signaling. Body size increased in both sexes but was caused by different signaling pathways, i.e., IGF-1 and vitamin D in females and males, respectively. Thus, vertebrate germ cells regulate somatic growth and aging through different pathways of the endocrine system, depending on the sex, which may underlie the sexual difference in reproductive strategies.
ISSN:2375-2548
2375-2548
DOI:10.1126/sciadv.adi1621