Effect of varying cuff sizes with identical inner diameter on endotracheal intubation in critically ill adults: A sealed tracheal controlled trial

• Published in: Medicine (Baltimore) 2024-06, Vol.103 (24), p.e38326
• Main Authors: Zhang, Yan-Nan, Shi, Hai-Yan, Shen, Wang-Qin, Shi, Jia-Hai, Zhu, Yan-Ping, Xu, Yang-Hui, Wu, Hong-Lei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trial/Experimental Study; Critical Illness; Equipment Design; Female; Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal - adverse effects; Intubation, Intratracheal - instrumentation; Intubation, Intratracheal - methods; Male; Middle Aged; Trachea
• ISSN: 0025-7974; 1536-5964; 1536-5964
• DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038326

The present study aims to determine the impact of different cuff diameters on the cuff pressure of endotracheal tubes (ETTs) when the trachea is adequately sealed. In the present single-center clinical trial, adult patients who underwent cardiothoracic surgery were assigned to use ETTs from 2 brands (GME and GZW). The primary endpoint comprised of the following: cuff diameter, inner diameter of the ETT, manufacturer, and the number of subjects with tracheal leakage when the cuff pressure was 30 cm H2O. A total of 298 patients were assigned into 2 groups, based on the 2 distinct brands of ETTs: experimental group (n = 122, GME brand) and control group (n = 176, GZW brand). There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. However, the cuff diameter was significantly smaller in the control group, when compared to the experimental group (P = .001), and the incidence of tracheal leakage was significantly higher in the control group (P = .001). Furthermore, the GME brand ETT had a significantly larger cuff diameter, when compared to the GZW brand ETT. The cuff size would mismatch the tracheal area in clinical practice. Therefore, chest computed tomography is recommended to routinely evaluate the tracheal cross-sectional area during anesthesia, in order to ensure the appropriate cuff size selection.