Optimization Course of Titanium Nitride Nanofiller Loading in High-Density Polyethylene: Interpretation of Reinforcement Effects and Performance in Material Extrusion 3D Printing

In this study, titanium nitride (TiN) was selected as an additive to a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix material, and four different nanocomposites were created with TiN loadings of 2.0-8.0 wt. % and a 2 wt. % increase step between them. The mixtures were made, followed by the fabrication of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymers 2024-06, Vol.16 (12), p.1702
Main Authors: Petousis, Markos, Sagris, Dimitris, Papadakis, Vassilis, Moutsopoulou, Amalia, Argyros, Apostolos, David, Constantine, Valsamos, John, Spiridaki, Mariza, Michailidis, Nikolaos, Vidakis, Nectarios
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-D printers
Additives
Carbon
Computed tomography
Design
Extrusion
Filaments
Flexural strength
High density polyethylenes
Manufacturers
Manufacturing
Mechanical analysis
Mechanical properties
Morphology
Nanocomposites
Nanoparticles
Polyethylene terephthalate
Polymer blends
Porosity
Raw materials
Rheological properties
Scanning electron microscopy
Spectrum analysis
Tensile strength
Three dimensional printing
Titanium
Titanium nitride
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Summary:In this study, titanium nitride (TiN) was selected as an additive to a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix material, and four different nanocomposites were created with TiN loadings of 2.0-8.0 wt. % and a 2 wt. % increase step between them. The mixtures were made, followed by the fabrication of the respective filaments (through a thermomechanical extrusion process) and 3D-printed specimens (using the material extrusion (MEX) technique). The manufactured specimens were subjected to mechanical, thermal, rheological, structural, and morphological testing. Their results were compared with those obtained after conducting the same assessments on unfilled HDPE samples, which were used as the control samples. The mechanical response of the samples improved when correlated with that of the unfilled HDPE. The tensile strength improved by 24.3%, and the flexural strength improved by 26.5% (composite with 6.0 wt. % TiN content). The dimensional deviation and porosity of the samples were assessed with micro-computed tomography and indicated great results for porosity improvement, achieved with 6.0 wt. % TiN content in the composite. TiN has proven to be an effective filler for HDPE polymers, enabling the manufacture of parts with improved mechanical properties and quality.
ISSN:2073-4360
2073-4360
DOI:10.3390/polym16121702