First Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of a Ribbon Worm from the Hoplonemertea Clade, Emplectonema gracile, and Its Structural Annotation

Abstract Genome-wide information has so far been unavailable for ribbon worms of the clade Hoplonemertea, the most species-rich class within the phylum Nemertea. While species within Pilidiophora, the sister clade of Hoplonemertea, possess a pilidium larval stage and lack stylets on their proboscis,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genome biology and evolution 2024-07, Vol.16 (7)
Main Authors: Valero-Gracia, Alberto, Roberts, Nickellaus G, Yap-Chiongco, Meghan, Capucho, Ana Teresa, Kocot, Kevin M, Matschiner, Michael, Struck, Torsten H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chromosomes
Developmental stages
Emplectonema gracile
Genome Resource
Genomes
Hoplonemertea
Nemertea
Proboscis
Venom
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Summary:Abstract Genome-wide information has so far been unavailable for ribbon worms of the clade Hoplonemertea, the most species-rich class within the phylum Nemertea. While species within Pilidiophora, the sister clade of Hoplonemertea, possess a pilidium larval stage and lack stylets on their proboscis, Hoplonemertea species have a planuliform larva and are armed with stylets employed for the injection of toxins into their prey. To further compare these developmental, physiological, and behavioral differences from a genomic perspective, the availability of a reference genome for a Hoplonemertea species is crucial. Such data will be highly useful for future investigations toward a better understanding of molecular ecology, venom evolution, and regeneration not only in Nemertea but also in other marine invertebrate phyla. To this end, we herein present the annotated chromosome-level genome assembly for Emplectonema gracile (Nemertea; Hoplonemertea; Monostilifera; Emplectonematidae), an easily collected nemertean well suited for laboratory experimentation. The genome has an assembly size of 157.9 Mb. Hi-C scaffolding yielded chromosome-level scaffolds, with a scaffold N50 of 10.0 Mb and a score of 95.1% for complete BUSCO genes found as a single copy. Annotation predicted 20,684 protein-coding genes. The high-quality reference genome reaches an Earth BioGenome standard level of 7.C.Q50.
ISSN:1759-6653
1759-6653
DOI:10.1093/gbe/evae127