In vitro assessment of antibacterial and antiviral activity of three copper products after 200 rounds of simulated use

Copper has well-documented antibacterial effects but few have evaluated it after prolonged use and against bacteria and viruses. Coupons from three copper formulations (solid, thermal coating, and decal applications) and carbon steel controls were subjected to 200 rounds simulated cleaning using a W...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biometals 2024-08, Vol.37 (4), p.849-856
Main Authors: Charles, Marthe K., Williams, Teresa C., Nakhaie, Davood, Woznow, Tracey, Velapatino, Billie, Lorenzo-Leal, Ana C., Bach, Horacio, Bryce, Elizabeth A., Asselin, Edouard
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonium
Antibacterial activity
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antiviral activity
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Carbon steel
Carbon steels
Cell Biology
Cleaning
Copper
Coronaviruses
Disinfectants
Environmental protection
Hydrogen peroxide
Inoculation
Life Sciences
Medicine/Public Health
Microbiology
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Plant Physiology
Steel
Sweat
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Summary:Copper has well-documented antibacterial effects but few have evaluated it after prolonged use and against bacteria and viruses. Coupons from three copper formulations (solid, thermal coating, and decal applications) and carbon steel controls were subjected to 200 rounds simulated cleaning using a Wiperator™ and either an accelerated hydrogen peroxide, quaternary ammonium, or artificial sweat products. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was then evaluated using a modified Environmental Protection Agency protocol. Antiviral activity against coronavirus (229E) and norovirus (MNV-1) surrogates was assessed using the TCID 50 method. Results were compared to untreated control coupons. One hour after inoculation, S. aureus exhibited a difference in log kill of 1.16 to 4.87 and P. aeruginosa a log kill difference of 3.39–5.23 (dependent upon copper product and disinfectant) compared to carbon steel. MNV-1 demonstrated an 87–99% reduction on each copper surfaces at 1 h and 99% reduction at 2 h compared to carbon steel. Similarly, coronavirus 229E exhibited a 97–99% reduction after 1 h and 90–99% after 2 h. Simulated use with artificial sweat did not hinder the antiviral nor the antibacterial activity of Cu surfaces. Self-sanitizing copper surfaces maintained antibacterial and antiviral activity after 200 rounds of simulated cleaning.  Graphical abstract
ISSN:0966-0844
1572-8773
1572-8773
DOI:10.1007/s10534-023-00572-z