Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Seven-Year-Old Child With Type 1 Diabetes: A Rare Case Report

Myocardial infarction (MI) is extremely rare in children and can have different etiologies, including congenital heart defects and Kawasaki disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of death in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Effective management of risk factors like blood pres...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2024-06, Vol.16 (6), p.e62909
Main Authors: Hajaj, Hanane, Elouali, Aziza, Ghanam, Ayad, Rkain, Maria, Babakhouya, Abdeladim
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atherosclerosis
Auscultation
Blood pressure
Cardiology
Cardiovascular disease
Case reports
Children & youth
Cholesterol
Congenital diseases
Coronary vessels
Diabetes
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Electrocardiography
Emergency medical care
Endocrinology/Diabetes/Metabolism
Heart attacks
Hemodynamics
High density lipoprotein
Low density lipoprotein
Metabolism
Mortality
Pediatrics
Peptides
Proteins
Risk factors
Teenagers
Transplants & implants
Citations: Items that this one cites
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Summary:Myocardial infarction (MI) is extremely rare in children and can have different etiologies, including congenital heart defects and Kawasaki disease. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of death in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Effective management of risk factors like blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels is essential for individuals with T1D to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular complications, including MI. We present the case of a seven-year-old child diagnosed with type 1 diabetes one month before this admission, without any other notable medical history, who was admitted to the pediatric emergency department due to chest pain. The symptoms had begun two hours prior to admission. Upon arrival, the patient reported severe and persistent retrosternal constrictive chest pain radiating to the left arm without other associated signs, with a strictly normal clinical examination. An electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed typical ST segment elevation in inferior leads (II, III, and aVF) with reciprocal changes in V1 to V4. Troponin level was elevated at 7254 ng/l. Echocardiography revealed mild dilation of the left coronary artery (4 mm) and the right coronary artery (3 mm), while other radiological and laboratory investigations showed no abnormalities. The patient responded well to treatment with acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel, and heparin, resulting in a favorable outcome.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.62909