Combination of tumor antigen drainage and immune activation to promote a cancer-immunity cycle against glioblastoma

While conventional cancer modalities, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, act through direct killing of tumor cells, cancer immunotherapy elicits potent anti-tumor immune responses thereby eliminating tumors. Nevertheless, promising outcomes have not been reported in patients with glioblastoma (G...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2024-12, Vol.81 (1), p.275, Article 275
Main Authors: Xu, Han, Zhao, Xiaomei, Luo, Jincai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antigens
Antigens, Neoplasm - immunology
Antigens, Neoplasm - metabolism
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain Neoplasms - immunology
Brain Neoplasms - pathology
Brain Neoplasms - therapy
Cancer
Cancer immunotherapy
Cell Biology
Central nervous system
Chemotherapy
Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma - immunology
Glioblastoma - pathology
Glioblastoma - therapy
Glioma
Humans
Immune privilege
Immune response
Immune system
Immunity
Immunity (Disease)
Immunosurveillance
Immunotherapy
Life Sciences
Lymphatic drainage
Lymphatic system
Lymphatic Vessels - immunology
Lymphatic Vessels - pathology
Radiation therapy
Review
Tumor cells
Tumor Microenvironment - immunology
Tumors
Wound drainage
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Summary:While conventional cancer modalities, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, act through direct killing of tumor cells, cancer immunotherapy elicits potent anti-tumor immune responses thereby eliminating tumors. Nevertheless, promising outcomes have not been reported in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) likely due to the immune privileged status of the central nervous system and immunosuppressive micro-environment within GBM. In the past years, several exciting findings, such as the re-discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs), three-dimensional anatomical reconstruction of MLV networks, and the demonstration of the promotion of GBM immunosurveillance by lymphatic drainage enhancement, have revealed an intricate communication between the nervous and immune systems, and brought hope for the development of new GBM treatment. Based on conceptual framework of the updated cancer-immunity (CI) cycle, here we focus on GBM antigen drainage and immune activation, the early events in driving the CI cycle. We also discuss the implications of these findings for developing new therapeutic approaches in tackling fatal GBM in the future.
ISSN:1420-682X
1420-9071
1420-9071
DOI:10.1007/s00018-024-05300-5