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Association between COVID-19 Vaccines and Menstrual Disorders: Retrospective Cohort Study of Women Aged 12-55 Years Old in Catalonia, Spain
During the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines, concerns emerged about potential adverse effects on menstrual health. This study examines the association between COVID-19 vaccination-considering the number of doses and vaccine type-and menstrual disorders, specifically heavy menstrual bleeding (H...
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| Published in: | International journal of environmental research and public health 2024-08, Vol.21 (8), p.1090 |
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| container_title | International journal of environmental research and public health |
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| creator | Esteban-Cledera, Laura Bissacco, Carlo Alberto Pallejá-Millán, Meritxell Villalobos, Marcela Villalobos, Felipe |
| description | During the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines, concerns emerged about potential adverse effects on menstrual health. This study examines the association between COVID-19 vaccination-considering the number of doses and vaccine type-and menstrual disorders, specifically heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and amenorrhea (AM). Utilizing electronic health records from the Sistema d'Informació per al Desenvolupament de la Investigació en Atenció Primària (SIDIAP) database in Catalonia, Spain, the retrospective cohort included 1,172,621 vaccinated women aged 12-55 with no prior menstrual disorders observed from 27 December 2020 to 30 June 2023. The incidence rate of HMB and AM increased with the second and third doses of the vaccine. Notably, the AstraZeneca
and Janssen
vaccines were associated with higher odds of HMB (OR: 1.765, CI: 1.527-2.033; OR: 2.155, CI: 1.873-2.476, respectively) and AM (OR: 1.623, CI: 1.416-1.854; OR: 1.989, CI: 1.740-2.269, respectively) from the first to the second dose compared to Pfizer/BioNTech
. Conversely, the Moderna
vaccine appeared to offer a protective effect against HMB (OR: 0.852, CI: 0.771-0.939) and AM (OR: 0.861, CI: 0.790-0.937) between the second and third doses. These results were adjusted for potential confounders, such as age, previous COVID-19 infection, and other relevant covariates. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijerph21081090 |
| format | article |
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and Janssen
vaccines were associated with higher odds of HMB (OR: 1.765, CI: 1.527-2.033; OR: 2.155, CI: 1.873-2.476, respectively) and AM (OR: 1.623, CI: 1.416-1.854; OR: 1.989, CI: 1.740-2.269, respectively) from the first to the second dose compared to Pfizer/BioNTech
. Conversely, the Moderna
vaccine appeared to offer a protective effect against HMB (OR: 0.852, CI: 0.771-0.939) and AM (OR: 0.861, CI: 0.790-0.937) between the second and third doses. These results were adjusted for potential confounders, such as age, previous COVID-19 infection, and other relevant covariates.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-7827</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1660-4601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21081090</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39200699</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age groups ; Child ; Chronic illnesses ; Codes ; Cohort analysis ; Cohort Studies ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; COVID-19 - prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Diabetes ; Disease ; Drug dosages ; Electronic health records ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lifestyles ; Menorrhagia - epidemiology ; Menstruation ; Menstruation Disturbances - chemically induced ; Menstruation Disturbances - epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Ovaries ; Polycystic ovary syndrome ; Primary care ; Public health ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 - immunology ; Sociodemographics ; Socioeconomic factors ; Socioeconomic status ; Spain - epidemiology ; Womens health ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>International journal of environmental research and public health, 2024-08, Vol.21 (8), p.1090</ispartof><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2190-d5fbb9c64a688ac75b8432c2784e6570aab527c9b399a6cebf12f0509feba5ab3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6907-8354 ; 0000-0001-6629-2198 ; 0009-0007-1570-9265 ; 0000-0003-1985-8894</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3097921020/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3097921020?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,25732,27903,27904,36991,36992,38495,43874,44569,53769,53771,74158,74872</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39200699$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Esteban-Cledera, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bissacco, Carlo Alberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pallejá-Millán, Meritxell</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Villalobos, Marcela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Villalobos, Felipe</creatorcontrib><title>Association between COVID-19 Vaccines and Menstrual Disorders: Retrospective Cohort Study of Women Aged 12-55 Years Old in Catalonia, Spain</title><title>International journal of environmental research and public health</title><addtitle>Int J Environ Res Public Health</addtitle><description>During the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines, concerns emerged about potential adverse effects on menstrual health. This study examines the association between COVID-19 vaccination-considering the number of doses and vaccine type-and menstrual disorders, specifically heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and amenorrhea (AM). Utilizing electronic health records from the Sistema d'Informació per al Desenvolupament de la Investigació en Atenció Primària (SIDIAP) database in Catalonia, Spain, the retrospective cohort included 1,172,621 vaccinated women aged 12-55 with no prior menstrual disorders observed from 27 December 2020 to 30 June 2023. The incidence rate of HMB and AM increased with the second and third doses of the vaccine. Notably, the AstraZeneca
and Janssen
vaccines were associated with higher odds of HMB (OR: 1.765, CI: 1.527-2.033; OR: 2.155, CI: 1.873-2.476, respectively) and AM (OR: 1.623, CI: 1.416-1.854; OR: 1.989, CI: 1.740-2.269, respectively) from the first to the second dose compared to Pfizer/BioNTech
. Conversely, the Moderna
vaccine appeared to offer a protective effect against HMB (OR: 0.852, CI: 0.771-0.939) and AM (OR: 0.861, CI: 0.790-0.937) between the second and third doses. 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This study examines the association between COVID-19 vaccination-considering the number of doses and vaccine type-and menstrual disorders, specifically heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and amenorrhea (AM). Utilizing electronic health records from the Sistema d'Informació per al Desenvolupament de la Investigació en Atenció Primària (SIDIAP) database in Catalonia, Spain, the retrospective cohort included 1,172,621 vaccinated women aged 12-55 with no prior menstrual disorders observed from 27 December 2020 to 30 June 2023. The incidence rate of HMB and AM increased with the second and third doses of the vaccine. Notably, the AstraZeneca
and Janssen
vaccines were associated with higher odds of HMB (OR: 1.765, CI: 1.527-2.033; OR: 2.155, CI: 1.873-2.476, respectively) and AM (OR: 1.623, CI: 1.416-1.854; OR: 1.989, CI: 1.740-2.269, respectively) from the first to the second dose compared to Pfizer/BioNTech
. Conversely, the Moderna
vaccine appeared to offer a protective effect against HMB (OR: 0.852, CI: 0.771-0.939) and AM (OR: 0.861, CI: 0.790-0.937) between the second and third doses. These results were adjusted for potential confounders, such as age, previous COVID-19 infection, and other relevant covariates.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39200699</pmid><doi>10.3390/ijerph21081090</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6907-8354</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6629-2198</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1570-9265</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1985-8894</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Publicly Available Content Database; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Coronavirus Research Database |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age groups Child Chronic illnesses Codes Cohort analysis Cohort Studies COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - prevention & control COVID-19 Vaccines Diabetes Disease Drug dosages Electronic health records Female Humans Hypertension Lifestyles Menorrhagia - epidemiology Menstruation Menstruation Disturbances - chemically induced Menstruation Disturbances - epidemiology Middle Aged Ovaries Polycystic ovary syndrome Primary care Public health Retrospective Studies SARS-CoV-2 - immunology Sociodemographics Socioeconomic factors Socioeconomic status Spain - epidemiology Womens health Young Adult |
| title | Association between COVID-19 Vaccines and Menstrual Disorders: Retrospective Cohort Study of Women Aged 12-55 Years Old in Catalonia, Spain |
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