Prevalence and clinical characterization of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection among Sudanese patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV): a cross-sectional study

• Published in: Annals of medicine and surgery 2024-09, Vol.86 (9), p.5091-5095
• Main Authors: Alajab, Mohamed Bushra, Ibn Auf, Bushra, Rafei, Ahmed, Abdo, Abdelmoneim Eltayeib
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Original Research
• ISSN: 2049-0801; 2049-0801
• DOI: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002337

Sudan has a high prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen, exceeding 8%. The prevalence of hepatitis B varies across different regions of Sudan, ranging from 6.8% in central Sudan to as high as 26% in southern Sudan. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) relies on HBV for replication and can accelerate the progression of HBV-related liver diseases, leading to more severe outcomes. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HDV infection among Sudanese patients with HBV-related liver diseases and to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with HDV co-infection. This descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in Sudan between June and September 2022. Ninety HBV patients aged 16 years and above were included. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, and medical histories and examinations were recorded. Investigations included liver function tests, abdominal ultrasounds, and ELISA for Anti-HDV IgG. In this study of 90 HBV patients, most were male (68.9%) and under 40 years old (58.9%). HDV-IgG antibodies were found in 8 patients (8.9%), all male. Among the HDV-positive patients, one (12.5%) had jaundice and one (12.5%) had ascites. Elevated ALT levels were seen in 50% of HDV-positive patients. One (12.5%) HDV-positive patient had low albumin. Cirrhosis was present in 25% of HDV-positive patients, and HCC was present in 12.5% of HDV-positive patient. The prevalence of HDV infection among Sudanese patients with HBV-related liver diseases is 8.9%. This highlights the need for enhanced screening and diagnostic measures in Sudanese populations. Further research is needed to develop targeted interventions.