Cathepsin B in cardiovascular disease: Underlying mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Cathepsin B (CTSB) is a member of the cysteine protease family, primarily responsible for degrading unnecessary organelles and proteins within the acidic milieu of lysosomes to facilitate recycling. Recent research has revealed that CTSB plays a multifaceted role beyond its function as a proteolytic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 2024-09, Vol.28 (17), p.e70064
Main Authors: Cai, Zhulan, Xu, Shunyao, Liu, Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Animals
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis - metabolism
Atherosclerosis - pathology
Cardiomyopathy
Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism
Carotid arteries
Cathepsin B
Cathepsin B - metabolism
Cell culture
Congestive heart failure
Cysteine proteinase
Drug delivery
Drug development
Enzymes
Homeostasis
Humans
Inflammation
Infrared imaging systems
Lipids
Localization
Lysosomes
Metabolism
Myocardial infarction
Organelles
Physiology
Proteins
Proteolysis
Review
Therapeutic applications
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Veins & arteries
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Summary:Cathepsin B (CTSB) is a member of the cysteine protease family, primarily responsible for degrading unnecessary organelles and proteins within the acidic milieu of lysosomes to facilitate recycling. Recent research has revealed that CTSB plays a multifaceted role beyond its function as a proteolytic enzyme in lysosomes. Importantly, recent data suggest that CTSB has significant impacts on different cardiac pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis (AS), myocardial infarction, hypertension, heart failure and cardiomyopathy. Especially in the context of AS, preclinical models and clinical sample imaging data indicate that the cathepsin activity-based probe can reliably image CTSB activity in foam cells and atherosclerotic plaques; concurrently, it allows synchronous diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. However, our knowledge of CTSB in cardiovascular disease is still in the early stage. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the significance of CTSB in cardiovascular physiology and pathology, with the objective of laying a theoretical groundwork for the development of drugs targeting CTSB.
ISSN:1582-1838
1582-4934
1582-4934
DOI:10.1111/jcmm.70064