Acute toxicity, secondary metabolites, and antioxidant activity of Macaranga tanarius from post-coal mining and non-mining areas in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Coal plays a crucial role in Indonesia's foreign exchange and East Kalimantan's revenue sharing, yet its environmental impacts, including soil acidification, raises concerns. Reclamation measures involve revegetation with pioneer plants such as ., known for their medicinal properties. Howe...

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Published in:Narra J 2024-08, Vol.4 (2), p.e791
Main Authors: Fikriah, Ika, Masruhin, Muhammad A, Paramita, Swandari, Marliana, Eva, Panggabean, Aman S, Ismail, Sjarif, Kusuma, Irawan W, Kim, Yong-Ung, Kim, Soo-Ya
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antioxidants - metabolism
Artemia - drug effects
Coal Mining
Flavonoids - analysis
Flavonoids - metabolism
Indonesia
Original
Phytochemicals - analysis
Phytochemicals - toxicity
Plant Extracts - chemistry
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plant Extracts - toxicity
Plant Leaves - chemistry
Secondary Metabolism
Soil - chemistry
Toxicity Tests, Acute
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Summary:Coal plays a crucial role in Indonesia's foreign exchange and East Kalimantan's revenue sharing, yet its environmental impacts, including soil acidification, raises concerns. Reclamation measures involve revegetation with pioneer plants such as ., known for their medicinal properties. However, the pharmacological properties of these plants are influenced by secondary metabolites, which depend on soil parameters such as pH and nutrient levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity, secondary metabolites, and antioxidant activities of leaf extracts from post-coal mining area (MTPCMA) and non-mining area (MTNMA) alongside soil parameters. Acute toxicity of leaf extracts and soils were assessed using the brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). Phytochemical screening was done using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), determining total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC). The DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to assess the antioxidant activity. A comparative analysis between MTPCMA and MTNMA was conducted using Student t-test. The data showed no significant difference in toxicity between MTPCMA and MTNMA leaf extracts (LC50 of 100-1000 µg/mL) ( =0.062), and soils from both areas were non-toxic (LC50 of >1000 µg/mL). Although heavy metal concentrations were higher in PCMA than in NMA soil (
ISSN:2807-2618
2807-2618
DOI:10.52225/narra.v4i2.791