Association Between the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Durvalumab and Myasthenia Gravis: A Comprehensive Review

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including Imfinzi (durvalumab), have revolutionized cancer treatment by stimulating the body's immune system to target cancerous cells. Although pharmaceuticals offer therapeutic benefits, several drugs have been associated with immune-related adverse events...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) CA), 2024-09, Vol.16 (9), p.e68542
Main Authors: Bector, Gaurav, Trehan, Shubam, Toofantabrizi, Mahyar, Singh, Gurjot, Jain, Aayush, Arora, Nirav, Shrestha, Suchitra, Panjwani, Gianeshwaree Alias Rachna, Jain, Prateek, Kalra, Eva
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
Autoimmune diseases
Cancer therapies
Cell death
Cytotoxicity
Immune system
Immunology
Immunotherapy
Internal Medicine
Kinases
Ligands
Medical Education
Medical personnel
Monoclonal antibodies
Myasthenia gravis
Neurology
Pathophysiology
Patients
Physiology
Proteins
Targeted cancer therapy
Tumors
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Summary:Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including Imfinzi (durvalumab), have revolutionized cancer treatment by stimulating the body's immune system to target cancerous cells. Although pharmaceuticals offer therapeutic benefits, several drugs have been associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including the uncommon but serious condition known as myasthenia gravis (MG). This review synthesizes data from pertinent research to offer a thorough evaluation of the literature on the underlying mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic approaches for durvalumab-induced MG. The incidence of MG in patients on durvalumab and other ICIs is typically low, with less than 1% documented, despite the potential for severe problems associated with the disease. Durvalumab disrupts immunological tolerance by stimulating autoreactive T-cells and inducing the production of autoantibodies. The clinical consequences of MG need meticulous monitoring, prompt identification, and suitable management to efficiently control the condition. Medical practitioners must carefully weigh the positive effects of ICIs against the possible hazards, emphasizing the necessity for more extensive investigation to improve patient results and establish uniform treatment protocols.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.68542