Usefulness of the serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio as a blood biomarker for sarcopenia components among age groups in community‐dwelling older people: The SONIC study

• Published in: Geriatrics & gerontology international 2024-06, Vol.24 (6), p.529-536
• Main Authors: Fang, Wen, Godai, Kayo, Kabayama, Mai, Akagi, Yuya, Kido, Michiko, Akasaka, Hiroshi, Takami, Yoichi, Ikebe, Kazunori, Arai, Yasumichi, Masui, Yukie, Ishizaki, Tatsuro, Yasumoto, Saori, Gondo, Yasuyuki, Yamamoto, Koichi, Tabara, Yasuharu, Kamide, Kei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age groups; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Creatinine; Creatinine - blood; creatinine/cystatin C ratio; Cystatin C - blood; Exercise; Female; general population; Geriatric Assessment - methods; Hand Strength - physiology; Humans; Independent Living; Japan; late‐stage older adults; Male; Medical diagnosis; Muscle strength; Muscle Strength - physiology; Older people; Original : Epidemiology, Clinical Practice and Health; Sarcopenia; Sarcopenia - blood; Sarcopenia - diagnosis; skeletal muscle mass index
• ISSN: 1444-1586; 1447-0594; 1447-0594
• DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14876

Aim The serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio (CCR) or sarcopenia index is considered a useful marker of muscle mass. However, its usefulness in late‐stage older adults remains unclear. We aimed to determine the usefulness of CCR as an indicator of sarcopenia in community‐dwelling Japanese adults aged >75 years. Methods Our study recruited participants aged 70, 80, and 90 ± 1 years during the baseline years, and included a 3‐year follow‐up in the Septuagenarians, Octogenarians, Nonagenarians, Investigation with Centenarians study. From 2015 to 2018, 955 participants were eligible: 367 in their 70s, 304 in their 80s, and 284 in their 90s. The diagnostic components of sarcopenia, including “low muscle mass, plus low muscle strength, and/or low physical performance,” were evaluated using the bioelectrical impedance analysis‐measured skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), handgrip strength, and short physical performance battery (SPPB) score, respectively, in accordance with the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Separate analyses were performed between each component and CCR, adjusting for sex, body mass index, and other blood biomarkers in each group. Results The relationship between CCR and sarcopenia components was significant for handgrip strength (β = 0.21, 0.13, 0.19, and P