Regenerative Inflammation: The Mechanism Explained from the Perspective of Buffy-Coat Protagonism and Macrophage Polarization

The buffy-coat, a layer of leukocytes and platelets obtained from peripheral blood centrifugation, plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration and the modulation of inflammatory responses. This article explores the mechanisms of regenerative inflammation, highlighting the critical role of the buffy-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-10, Vol.25 (20), p.11329
Main Authors: Martins, Rubens Andrade, Costa, Fábio Ramos, Pires, Luyddy, Santos, Márcia, Santos, Gabriel Silva, Lana, João Vitor, Costa, Bruno Ramos, Santos, Napoliane, de Macedo, Alex Pontes, Kruel, André, Lana, José Fábio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Animals
Blood Buffy Coat - cytology
Blood platelets
Chronic illnesses
Cytokines
Cytokines - metabolism
Genotype & phenotype
Growth factors
Health aspects
Humans
Inflammation
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - metabolism
Injuries
Interleukins
Leukocytes
Macrophage Activation
Macrophages
Macrophages - immunology
Macrophages - metabolism
Osteoarthritis
Pathogens
Regeneration
Review
Rheumatoid arthritis
Tissue engineering
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Summary:The buffy-coat, a layer of leukocytes and platelets obtained from peripheral blood centrifugation, plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration and the modulation of inflammatory responses. This article explores the mechanisms of regenerative inflammation, highlighting the critical role of the buffy-coat in influencing macrophage polarization and its therapeutic potential. Macrophage polarization into M1 and M2 subtypes is pivotal in balancing inflammation and tissue repair, with M1 macrophages driving pro-inflammatory responses and M2 macrophages promoting tissue healing and regeneration. The buffy-coat's rich composition of progenitor cells, cytokines, and growth factors-such as interleukin-10, transforming growth factor-β, and monocyte colony-stimulating factor-supports the transition from M1 to M2 macrophages, enhancing tissue repair and the resolution of inflammation. This dynamic interaction between buffy-coat components and macrophages opens new avenues for therapeutic strategies aimed at improving tissue regeneration and managing inflammatory conditions, particularly in musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis. Furthermore, the use of buffy-coat-derived therapies in conjunction with other regenerative modalities, such as platelet-rich plasma, holds promise for more effective clinical outcomes.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms252011329