Factors impacting physical activity among post-treatment pediatric cancer survivors with overweight and obesity

• Published in: European journal of pediatrics 2024-07, Vol.183 (7), p.3129-3136
• Main Authors: Brown, Nashira I., Sauls, Rachel, Almendares, Maria, Gray, Heewon L., Stern, Marilyn
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia; Adolescent; Adult; Body mass index; Body weight; Cancer; Cancer Survivors - statistics & numerical data; Cancer therapies; Caregivers; Child; Exercise; Female; Healthy Lifestyle; Humans; Lifestyles; Lymphatic leukemia; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Obesity; Overweight; Overweight - therapy; Pediatric Obesity - therapy; Pediatrics; Physical activity; Sedentary Behavior
• ISSN: 1432-1076; 0340-6199; 1432-1076
• DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05584-6

Background Pediatric cancer survivors (PCS) with overweight and obesity are at risk for various secondary chronic diseases. Although previous research has found physical activity (PA) as beneficial after treatment, the PA levels are low among PCS, highlighting the need for lifestyle interventions targeting PA. Methods A secondary analysis of preliminary baseline data from a multi-site trial, NOURISH-T + , a healthy lifestyle intervention for PCS with overweight and obesity, and their caregivers, was conducted to assess factors related to PCS PA (i.e., moderate to vigorous intensity PA, MVPA). Kendall's Tau-b was used to assess correlations between PCS MVPA, health and treatment-related factors, and caregivers’ sedentary behavior and MVPA. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to assess the differences between PCS and caregiver sedentary behavior and MVPA. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of PCS MVPA. Results Seventy-three PCS-caregiver dyads were included in this analysis (N = 146). Many of the PCS were female, diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, stage 1, with a mean body mass index (BMI) percentile of 94.4 ± 4.7. Caregivers were female and parents to the PCS. Significant correlations were found between PCS MVPA, time since treatment, PCS weight change since COVID, caregiver sedentary behavior and MVPA. Significant differences were observed between PCS and caregiver sedentary behavior and MVPA. Household income, radiation treatment, and caregiver MVPA were significant predictors of PCS MVPA.   Conclusions: Demographics, cancer treatment type, and caregiver role modeling are important factors to consider when developing future lifestyle interventions for PCS. (NCT04656496, registered 12–07-2020). What is known: • Parents/caregivers are presumed to be a potential influence on their children’s physical activity What is new: • Parents/caregivers’ moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is the strongest predictor of their children's (pediatric cancer survivors’) physical activity.