Aligning our actions with our words: A systematic review of gender and racial diversity in surgical subspecialties

• Published in: The journal of medicine access 2024-01, Vol.8, p.27550834241293022
• Main Authors: Lewis, Joshua E, Pride, Lornee C, Luk, Hannah G, Oyejide, Kafayat, Wilson, Isha M, Tawiah, Winston E, Watkins, Cale M, Lee, Wei-Chen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Systematic Review
• ISSN: 2755-0834; 2755-0834
• DOI: 10.1177/27550834241293022

Persistent racial and gender disparities are prevalent within the higher education and medical training system, notably seen in the underrepresentation of Hispanic or Latinos, Black Americans, and female surgeons compared to their respective population proportions. This study aims to quantify publications addressing ethnic or gender diversity across various surgical specialties, analyze publication trends, and explore specific topics within medical literature. The Database includes PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), we conducted a systematic literature review utilizing the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. A broad inclusion criterion for both ethnic and gender diversity of plastic surgery, neurosurgery, otolaryngology, dermatology, orthopedic surgery, and gender surgery was utilized. The literature was selected between 2014 and 2024. In the content of our study, diversity in articles was defined as any article that focused on addressing gender or racial/ethnicity in the subspecialty. Of 1529 initially screened articles, 346 were included. Orthopedic surgery had the most diversity publications (n = 86), followed by general surgery (n = 67) and plastic surgery (n = 51). Significant increases in diversity publications were observed across all specialties. Orthopedic surgery showed the highest growth (+0.17 publications/year, p