Primary adrenal teratoma in an infant: A case report and literature review

• Published in: International journal of surgery case reports 2024-11, Vol.124, p.110473, Article 110473
• Main Authors: Elnour, Abdelrahman S., Corina, Elsadig A., Elnima, Mohamed A., Abdelhafeez, Abdelhafeez H., Nugud, Faisal
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Case Report; Children; Oncological resection; Primary adrenal teratoma
• ISSN: 2210-2612; 2210-2612
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.110473

Teratomas are germ cell neoplasms arising from the totipotent stem cells. Retroperitoneal teratomas are very rare, accounting for about 5 % of all teratomas of those, primary adrenal ones are exceedingly rare, with few cases reported in the English literature in pediatric age group. A nine-month-old female presented with a two-month history of gradually increasing abdominal distention, her physical examination revealed a palpable large abdominal mass. Abdominal CT imaging showed a right suprarenal heterogeneous mass. Oncological resection was performed, and histopathology confirmed a primary mature adrenal teratoma. The diagnosis of primary adrenal teratoma is usually challenging and relies predominantly on imaging studies, and histopathological finding. Primary adrenal teratoma is extremely rare in pediatric age group, and present a significant diagnostic challenge, as a result it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients with adrenal masses. •Primary adrenal teratomas are rare in children, presenting significant diagnostic challenges.•Preoperative diagnosis of these unusual tumors requires a high level of clinical suspicion and advanced imaging.•Primary adrenal teratomas should be considered in pediatric cases of abdominal masses.•Case reviews provide valuable insights on the presentation, diagnosis, and management of these tumors.