Dairy: Friend or Foe? Bovine Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Autoimmune Diseases

Due to the availability, scalability, and low immunogenicity, bovine milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MEVs) are increasingly considered to be a promising carrier of nanomedicines for future therapy. However, considering that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are of biological origin, different source...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-11, Vol.25 (21), p.11499
Main Authors: Ou, Hairui, Csuth, Tamas Imre, Czompoly, Tamas, Kvell, Krisztian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antigens
Apoptosis
Arthritis
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmune Diseases - immunology
Autoimmune Diseases - metabolism
Cattle
Cytokines
Cytokines - metabolism
Development and progression
Disease
Drug delivery systems
Drugs
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Extracellular vesicles
Extracellular Vesicles - immunology
Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism
Humans
Immune system
Immunology
Interferon
Kinases
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
Milk
Milk - immunology
Milk - metabolism
Neutrophils
Polyethylene glycol
Proteins
Review
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Vehicles
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Summary:Due to the availability, scalability, and low immunogenicity, bovine milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MEVs) are increasingly considered to be a promising carrier of nanomedicines for future therapy. However, considering that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are of biological origin, different sources of EVs, including the host origin and the specific cells that produce the EVs, may have different effects on the structure and function of EVs. Additionally, MEVs play an important role in immune regulation, due to their evolutionary conserved cargo, such as cytokines and miRNAs. Their potential effects on different organs, as well as their accumulation in the human body, should not be overlooked. In this review, we have summarized current impacts and research progress brought about by utilizing MEVs as nano-drug carriers. Nevertheless, we also aim to explore the possible connections between the molecules involved in cellular immunity, cytokines and miRNAs of MEVs produced under different health conditions, and autoimmune diseases.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms252111499