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Impact of levetiracetam and ethanol on memory, selected neurotransmitter levels, oxidative stress parameters, and essential elements in rats
Background Ethanol disrupts brain activity and memory. There is evidence supporting the beneficial effect of levetiracetam on alcohol consumption. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine whether levetiracetam has a protective activity against ethanol-induced memory impairment, alterations in...
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Published in: | Pharmacological reports 2024-12, Vol.76 (6), p.1363-1376 |
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description | Background
Ethanol disrupts brain activity and memory. There is evidence supporting the beneficial effect of levetiracetam on alcohol consumption. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine whether levetiracetam has a protective activity against ethanol-induced memory impairment, alterations in selected neurotransmission activities, oxidative stress, and selected essential elements in rats.
Methods
The rats were given levetiracetam (300 mg/kg b.w.
po
) with ethanol for three weeks prior to behavioral tests. Spatial memory was tested using the Morris water maze, while recognition memory was evaluated using the Novel object recognition test. The GABA and glutamate concentration was determined in three rat brain regions (cerebellum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex). Serum oxidative stress parameters and selected essential elements concentration (Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Mg) in the rat brain were analyzed.
Results
Levetiracetam administered with ethanol improved spatial memory, but did not affect abstinence-induced impairment. The drug also decreased ethanol-induced long-term recognition memory impairment. No alterations in glutamate levels were observed. GABA levels were elevated by levetiracetam in the cerebral cortex and by ethanol in the cerebellum. Ethanol increased catalase activity (CAT) and decreased superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in the serum. Levetiracetam significantly increased the activity of SOD. Alcohol disrupted the levels of trace elements (Mn, Zn, Mg) in the rat brain. Additionally, levetiracetam alone increased Mg, Fe, and Cu concentrations while all animals receiving the drug also had significantly lower concentrations of Zn.
Conclusions
Levetiracetam had differential effects against ethanol-induced impairments. These findings could have important implications for future levetiracetam treatment in patients. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s43440-024-00659-5 |
format | article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_11582331</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3111638543</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c328t-9f1d6ac18b5f5cad4e06a140c14a3ebd64ef5ab4e86fda0f110727337d2d6a573</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kc1uFDEQhC0EIkvgBTggHzlkwL8zsyeEIiCRInGBs9Xr6Ukcje3F7V2Rd8hDY3ZDBBdObqmqPrddjL2W4p0UYnhPRhsjOqFMJ0Rv1519wlZKrdvQj-YpW8lBm05KI07YC6JbIYxU2j5nJ3qtreqNWrH7y7gFX3me-YJ7rKGAxwqRQ5o41htIeeE58Ygxl7szTrigrzjxhLuSa4FEMdSK5RBf6Iznn2GCGvbIqRYk4lsoELFZmnigEmGqARbeWLGNxEPiBSq9ZM9mWAhfPZyn7PvnT9_OL7qrr18uzz9edV6rsXbrWU49eDlu7Gw9TAZFD-2VXhrQuJl6g7OFjcGxnycQs5RiUIPWw6Razg76lH04cre7TcTJtx0KLG5bQoRy5zIE96-Swo27znsnpR2V1rIR3j4QSv6xQ6ouBvK4LJAw78hpKWWvR2t0s6qj1ZdMVHB-vEcK97tHd-zRtR7doUdnW-jN3xs-Rv4U1wz6aKAmpWss7jbvSmq_9j_sL5fXrfI</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>3111638543</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Impact of levetiracetam and ethanol on memory, selected neurotransmitter levels, oxidative stress parameters, and essential elements in rats</title><source>Springer Nature:Jisc Collections:Springer Nature Read and Publish 2023-2025: Springer Reading List</source><creator>Zwierzyńska, Ewa ; Klimczak, Michał ; Nasiadek, Marzenna ; Stragierowicz, Joanna ; Pietrzak, Bogusława</creator><creatorcontrib>Zwierzyńska, Ewa ; Klimczak, Michał ; Nasiadek, Marzenna ; Stragierowicz, Joanna ; Pietrzak, Bogusława</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Ethanol disrupts brain activity and memory. There is evidence supporting the beneficial effect of levetiracetam on alcohol consumption. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine whether levetiracetam has a protective activity against ethanol-induced memory impairment, alterations in selected neurotransmission activities, oxidative stress, and selected essential elements in rats.
Methods
The rats were given levetiracetam (300 mg/kg b.w.
po
) with ethanol for three weeks prior to behavioral tests. Spatial memory was tested using the Morris water maze, while recognition memory was evaluated using the Novel object recognition test. The GABA and glutamate concentration was determined in three rat brain regions (cerebellum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex). Serum oxidative stress parameters and selected essential elements concentration (Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Mg) in the rat brain were analyzed.
Results
Levetiracetam administered with ethanol improved spatial memory, but did not affect abstinence-induced impairment. The drug also decreased ethanol-induced long-term recognition memory impairment. No alterations in glutamate levels were observed. GABA levels were elevated by levetiracetam in the cerebral cortex and by ethanol in the cerebellum. Ethanol increased catalase activity (CAT) and decreased superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in the serum. Levetiracetam significantly increased the activity of SOD. Alcohol disrupted the levels of trace elements (Mn, Zn, Mg) in the rat brain. Additionally, levetiracetam alone increased Mg, Fe, and Cu concentrations while all animals receiving the drug also had significantly lower concentrations of Zn.
Conclusions
Levetiracetam had differential effects against ethanol-induced impairments. These findings could have important implications for future levetiracetam treatment in patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1734-1140</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2299-5684</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2299-5684</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00659-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39352642</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Animals ; Brain - drug effects ; Brain - metabolism ; Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance ; Ethanol - pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid - metabolism ; Levetiracetam - pharmacology ; Male ; Medicine ; Memory - drug effects ; Memory Disorders - chemically induced ; Memory Disorders - drug therapy ; Memory Disorders - metabolism ; Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism ; Oxidative Stress - drug effects ; Pharmacotherapy ; Pharmacy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spatial Memory - drug effects</subject><ispartof>Pharmacological reports, 2024-12, Vol.76 (6), p.1363-1376</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2024</rights><rights>2024. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2024 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c328t-9f1d6ac18b5f5cad4e06a140c14a3ebd64ef5ab4e86fda0f110727337d2d6a573</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3079-2825 ; 0000-0002-9196-0669 ; 0000-0001-8572-3926 ; 0000-0003-4779-9019 ; 0000-0001-8713-2580</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39352642$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zwierzyńska, Ewa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klimczak, Michał</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nasiadek, Marzenna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stragierowicz, Joanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pietrzak, Bogusława</creatorcontrib><title>Impact of levetiracetam and ethanol on memory, selected neurotransmitter levels, oxidative stress parameters, and essential elements in rats</title><title>Pharmacological reports</title><addtitle>Pharmacol. Rep</addtitle><addtitle>Pharmacol Rep</addtitle><description>Background
Ethanol disrupts brain activity and memory. There is evidence supporting the beneficial effect of levetiracetam on alcohol consumption. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine whether levetiracetam has a protective activity against ethanol-induced memory impairment, alterations in selected neurotransmission activities, oxidative stress, and selected essential elements in rats.
Methods
The rats were given levetiracetam (300 mg/kg b.w.
po
) with ethanol for three weeks prior to behavioral tests. Spatial memory was tested using the Morris water maze, while recognition memory was evaluated using the Novel object recognition test. The GABA and glutamate concentration was determined in three rat brain regions (cerebellum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex). Serum oxidative stress parameters and selected essential elements concentration (Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Mg) in the rat brain were analyzed.
Results
Levetiracetam administered with ethanol improved spatial memory, but did not affect abstinence-induced impairment. The drug also decreased ethanol-induced long-term recognition memory impairment. No alterations in glutamate levels were observed. GABA levels were elevated by levetiracetam in the cerebral cortex and by ethanol in the cerebellum. Ethanol increased catalase activity (CAT) and decreased superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in the serum. Levetiracetam significantly increased the activity of SOD. Alcohol disrupted the levels of trace elements (Mn, Zn, Mg) in the rat brain. Additionally, levetiracetam alone increased Mg, Fe, and Cu concentrations while all animals receiving the drug also had significantly lower concentrations of Zn.
Conclusions
Levetiracetam had differential effects against ethanol-induced impairments. These findings could have important implications for future levetiracetam treatment in patients.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Brain - drug effects</subject><subject>Brain - metabolism</subject><subject>Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance</subject><subject>Ethanol - pharmacology</subject><subject>Glutamic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>Levetiracetam - pharmacology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Memory - drug effects</subject><subject>Memory Disorders - chemically induced</subject><subject>Memory Disorders - drug therapy</subject><subject>Memory Disorders - metabolism</subject><subject>Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</subject><subject>Pharmacotherapy</subject><subject>Pharmacy</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Spatial Memory - drug effects</subject><issn>1734-1140</issn><issn>2299-5684</issn><issn>2299-5684</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc1uFDEQhC0EIkvgBTggHzlkwL8zsyeEIiCRInGBs9Xr6Ukcje3F7V2Rd8hDY3ZDBBdObqmqPrddjL2W4p0UYnhPRhsjOqFMJ0Rv1519wlZKrdvQj-YpW8lBm05KI07YC6JbIYxU2j5nJ3qtreqNWrH7y7gFX3me-YJ7rKGAxwqRQ5o41htIeeE58Ygxl7szTrigrzjxhLuSa4FEMdSK5RBf6Iznn2GCGvbIqRYk4lsoELFZmnigEmGqARbeWLGNxEPiBSq9ZM9mWAhfPZyn7PvnT9_OL7qrr18uzz9edV6rsXbrWU49eDlu7Gw9TAZFD-2VXhrQuJl6g7OFjcGxnycQs5RiUIPWw6Razg76lH04cre7TcTJtx0KLG5bQoRy5zIE96-Swo27znsnpR2V1rIR3j4QSv6xQ6ouBvK4LJAw78hpKWWvR2t0s6qj1ZdMVHB-vEcK97tHd-zRtR7doUdnW-jN3xs-Rv4U1wz6aKAmpWss7jbvSmq_9j_sL5fXrfI</recordid><startdate>20241201</startdate><enddate>20241201</enddate><creator>Zwierzyńska, Ewa</creator><creator>Klimczak, Michał</creator><creator>Nasiadek, Marzenna</creator><creator>Stragierowicz, Joanna</creator><creator>Pietrzak, Bogusława</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3079-2825</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9196-0669</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8572-3926</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-9019</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8713-2580</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241201</creationdate><title>Impact of levetiracetam and ethanol on memory, selected neurotransmitter levels, oxidative stress parameters, and essential elements in rats</title><author>Zwierzyńska, Ewa ; Klimczak, Michał ; Nasiadek, Marzenna ; Stragierowicz, Joanna ; Pietrzak, Bogusława</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c328t-9f1d6ac18b5f5cad4e06a140c14a3ebd64ef5ab4e86fda0f110727337d2d6a573</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Brain - drug effects</topic><topic>Brain - metabolism</topic><topic>Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance</topic><topic>Ethanol - pharmacology</topic><topic>Glutamic Acid - metabolism</topic><topic>Levetiracetam - pharmacology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Memory - drug effects</topic><topic>Memory Disorders - chemically induced</topic><topic>Memory Disorders - drug therapy</topic><topic>Memory Disorders - metabolism</topic><topic>Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</topic><topic>Pharmacotherapy</topic><topic>Pharmacy</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>Spatial Memory - drug effects</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zwierzyńska, Ewa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klimczak, Michał</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nasiadek, Marzenna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stragierowicz, Joanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pietrzak, Bogusława</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Pharmacological reports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zwierzyńska, Ewa</au><au>Klimczak, Michał</au><au>Nasiadek, Marzenna</au><au>Stragierowicz, Joanna</au><au>Pietrzak, Bogusława</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impact of levetiracetam and ethanol on memory, selected neurotransmitter levels, oxidative stress parameters, and essential elements in rats</atitle><jtitle>Pharmacological reports</jtitle><stitle>Pharmacol. Rep</stitle><addtitle>Pharmacol Rep</addtitle><date>2024-12-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>76</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1363</spage><epage>1376</epage><pages>1363-1376</pages><issn>1734-1140</issn><issn>2299-5684</issn><eissn>2299-5684</eissn><abstract>Background
Ethanol disrupts brain activity and memory. There is evidence supporting the beneficial effect of levetiracetam on alcohol consumption. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine whether levetiracetam has a protective activity against ethanol-induced memory impairment, alterations in selected neurotransmission activities, oxidative stress, and selected essential elements in rats.
Methods
The rats were given levetiracetam (300 mg/kg b.w.
po
) with ethanol for three weeks prior to behavioral tests. Spatial memory was tested using the Morris water maze, while recognition memory was evaluated using the Novel object recognition test. The GABA and glutamate concentration was determined in three rat brain regions (cerebellum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex). Serum oxidative stress parameters and selected essential elements concentration (Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Mg) in the rat brain were analyzed.
Results
Levetiracetam administered with ethanol improved spatial memory, but did not affect abstinence-induced impairment. The drug also decreased ethanol-induced long-term recognition memory impairment. No alterations in glutamate levels were observed. GABA levels were elevated by levetiracetam in the cerebral cortex and by ethanol in the cerebellum. Ethanol increased catalase activity (CAT) and decreased superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in the serum. Levetiracetam significantly increased the activity of SOD. Alcohol disrupted the levels of trace elements (Mn, Zn, Mg) in the rat brain. Additionally, levetiracetam alone increased Mg, Fe, and Cu concentrations while all animals receiving the drug also had significantly lower concentrations of Zn.
Conclusions
Levetiracetam had differential effects against ethanol-induced impairments. These findings could have important implications for future levetiracetam treatment in patients.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>39352642</pmid><doi>10.1007/s43440-024-00659-5</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3079-2825</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9196-0669</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8572-3926</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4779-9019</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8713-2580</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Brain - drug effects Brain - metabolism Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance Ethanol - pharmacology Glutamic Acid - metabolism Levetiracetam - pharmacology Male Medicine Memory - drug effects Memory Disorders - chemically induced Memory Disorders - drug therapy Memory Disorders - metabolism Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism Oxidative Stress - drug effects Pharmacotherapy Pharmacy Rats Rats, Wistar Spatial Memory - drug effects |
title | Impact of levetiracetam and ethanol on memory, selected neurotransmitter levels, oxidative stress parameters, and essential elements in rats |
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