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The Cardioprotective Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Depends on the Balance Between Their Anti- and Pro-Oxidative Properties
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are not only structural components of membrane phospholipids and energy storage molecules in cells. PUFAs are important factors that regulate various biological functions, including inflammation, oxidation, and immunity. Both -3 and -6 PUFAs from cell membranes ca...
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| Published in: | Nutrients 2024-11, Vol.16 (22), p.3937 |
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| container_title | Nutrients |
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| creator | Sidorkiewicz, Malgorzata |
| description | Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are not only structural components of membrane phospholipids and energy storage molecules in cells. PUFAs are important factors that regulate various biological functions, including inflammation, oxidation, and immunity. Both
-3 and
-6 PUFAs from cell membranes can be metabolized into pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory metabolites that, in turn, influence cardiovascular health in humans. The role that PUFAs play in organisms depends primarily on their structure, quantity, and the availability of enzymes responsible for their metabolism.
-3 PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA), are generally known for anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective properties. On the other hand,
-6 FAs, such as arachidonic acid (AA), are precursors of lipid mediators that display mostly pro-inflammatory properties and may attenuate the efficacy of
-3 by competition for the same enzymes. However, a completely different light on the role of PUFAs was shed due to studies on the influence of PUFAs on new-onset atrial fibrillation. This review analyzes the role of PUFAs and PUFA derivatives in health-related effects, considering both confirmed benefits and newly arising controversies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/nu16223937 |
| format | article |
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-3 and
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-3 PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA), are generally known for anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective properties. On the other hand,
-6 FAs, such as arachidonic acid (AA), are precursors of lipid mediators that display mostly pro-inflammatory properties and may attenuate the efficacy of
-3 by competition for the same enzymes. However, a completely different light on the role of PUFAs was shed due to studies on the influence of PUFAs on new-onset atrial fibrillation. This review analyzes the role of PUFAs and PUFA derivatives in health-related effects, considering both confirmed benefits and newly arising controversies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nu16223937</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39599723</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology ; Antioxidants - pharmacology ; Arachidonic acid ; Arachidonic Acid - metabolism ; Atherosclerosis ; Atrial fibrillation ; Carbon ; Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control ; Diet ; Dietary supplements ; Enzymes ; Fatty acids ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacology ; Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - pharmacology ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - pharmacology ; Health aspects ; Human body ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inflammation - metabolism ; Inflammation - prevention & control ; Lipids ; Membranes ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Nervous system ; Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects ; Oxidative Stress - drug effects ; Physiological aspects ; Polyunsaturated fatty acids ; Review ; Type 2 diabetes ; Unsaturated fatty acids</subject><ispartof>Nutrients, 2024-11, Vol.16 (22), p.3937</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the author. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c327t-390d187883e7618cda19c167cf4d3287cddb63a8d75d0c08740efa877de51fe33</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6620-4450</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3133175628/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3133175628?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,74998</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39599723$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sidorkiewicz, Malgorzata</creatorcontrib><title>The Cardioprotective Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Depends on the Balance Between Their Anti- and Pro-Oxidative Properties</title><title>Nutrients</title><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><description>Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are not only structural components of membrane phospholipids and energy storage molecules in cells. PUFAs are important factors that regulate various biological functions, including inflammation, oxidation, and immunity. Both
-3 and
-6 PUFAs from cell membranes can be metabolized into pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory metabolites that, in turn, influence cardiovascular health in humans. The role that PUFAs play in organisms depends primarily on their structure, quantity, and the availability of enzymes responsible for their metabolism.
-3 PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA), are generally known for anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective properties. On the other hand,
-6 FAs, such as arachidonic acid (AA), are precursors of lipid mediators that display mostly pro-inflammatory properties and may attenuate the efficacy of
-3 by competition for the same enzymes. However, a completely different light on the role of PUFAs was shed due to studies on the influence of PUFAs on new-onset atrial fibrillation. This review analyzes the role of PUFAs and PUFA derivatives in health-related effects, considering both confirmed benefits and newly arising controversies.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antioxidants - pharmacology</subject><subject>Arachidonic acid</subject><subject>Arachidonic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>Atherosclerosis</subject><subject>Atrial fibrillation</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacology</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - pharmacology</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - pharmacology</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Human body</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Inflammation - metabolism</subject><subject>Inflammation - prevention & control</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Membranes</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Nervous system</subject><subject>Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects</subject><subject>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Polyunsaturated fatty acids</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Type 2 diabetes</subject><subject>Unsaturated fatty acids</subject><issn>2072-6643</issn><issn>2072-6643</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNptkk1vFSEUhonR2ObajT_AkLgxJlNhmAFmZa63rZo0aRd1TSgcWpq5MAJTvev-cblt7YcRFucAz3lPXnIQekvJPmMD-RRmytuWDUy8QLstEW3DecdePsl30F7OV2S7BBGcvUY7bOiHQbRsF92cXQJe6WR9nFIsYIq_BnzoXM0yjg6fxnEzh6zLnHQBi490KRu8NN5mfAAThBpjwKXKfNGjDqZGKL8AAq7SPuFlKL7BOlh8mmJz8ttbfdujniZIxUN-g145PWbYu48L9OPo8Gz1rTk--fp9tTxuDGtFaapbS6WQkoHgVBqr6WAoF8Z1lrVSGGvPOdPSit4SQ6ToCDgthbDQUweMLdDnO91pPl-DNRBK0qOakl_rtFFRe_X8JfhLdRGvFaX9ILr6ywv04V4hxZ8z5KLWPhsYq2-Ic1aMMtZxwuQWff8PehXnFKq_W4qKnrfykbrQIygfXKyNzVZULSWVHRftQCu1_x-qbgtrb2IA5-v9s4KPdwUmxZwTuAeTlKjt2KjHsanwu6ff8oD-HRL2B1bNvOQ</recordid><startdate>20241118</startdate><enddate>20241118</enddate><creator>Sidorkiewicz, Malgorzata</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6620-4450</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241118</creationdate><title>The Cardioprotective Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Depends on the Balance Between Their Anti- and Pro-Oxidative Properties</title><author>Sidorkiewicz, Malgorzata</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c327t-390d187883e7618cda19c167cf4d3287cddb63a8d75d0c08740efa877de51fe33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Antioxidants - pharmacology</topic><topic>Arachidonic acid</topic><topic>Arachidonic Acid - metabolism</topic><topic>Atherosclerosis</topic><topic>Atrial fibrillation</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Dietary supplements</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacology</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - pharmacology</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - pharmacology</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Human body</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Inflammation - metabolism</topic><topic>Inflammation - prevention & control</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Membranes</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Nervous system</topic><topic>Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects</topic><topic>Oxidative Stress - drug effects</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Polyunsaturated fatty acids</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Type 2 diabetes</topic><topic>Unsaturated fatty acids</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sidorkiewicz, Malgorzata</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sidorkiewicz, Malgorzata</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Cardioprotective Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Depends on the Balance Between Their Anti- and Pro-Oxidative Properties</atitle><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><date>2024-11-18</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>22</issue><spage>3937</spage><pages>3937-</pages><issn>2072-6643</issn><eissn>2072-6643</eissn><abstract>Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are not only structural components of membrane phospholipids and energy storage molecules in cells. PUFAs are important factors that regulate various biological functions, including inflammation, oxidation, and immunity. Both
-3 and
-6 PUFAs from cell membranes can be metabolized into pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory metabolites that, in turn, influence cardiovascular health in humans. The role that PUFAs play in organisms depends primarily on their structure, quantity, and the availability of enzymes responsible for their metabolism.
-3 PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA), are generally known for anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective properties. On the other hand,
-6 FAs, such as arachidonic acid (AA), are precursors of lipid mediators that display mostly pro-inflammatory properties and may attenuate the efficacy of
-3 by competition for the same enzymes. However, a completely different light on the role of PUFAs was shed due to studies on the influence of PUFAs on new-onset atrial fibrillation. This review analyzes the role of PUFAs and PUFA derivatives in health-related effects, considering both confirmed benefits and newly arising controversies.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39599723</pmid><doi>10.3390/nu16223937</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6620-4450</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Nutrients, 2024-11, Vol.16 (22), p.3937 |
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| source | PubMed Central (Open Access); Publicly Available Content Database |
| subjects | Analysis Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology Antioxidants - pharmacology Arachidonic acid Arachidonic Acid - metabolism Atherosclerosis Atrial fibrillation Carbon Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control Diet Dietary supplements Enzymes Fatty acids Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacology Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - pharmacology Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - pharmacology Health aspects Human body Humans Inflammation Inflammation - metabolism Inflammation - prevention & control Lipids Membranes Metabolism Metabolites Nervous system Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects Oxidative Stress - drug effects Physiological aspects Polyunsaturated fatty acids Review Type 2 diabetes Unsaturated fatty acids |
| title | The Cardioprotective Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Depends on the Balance Between Their Anti- and Pro-Oxidative Properties |
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