Periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major global health concern linked to significant morbidity and mortality. Recent research has explored the relationship between ASCVD and periodontitis, a prevalent inflammatory oral condition. Epidemiological studies have suggested a strong assoc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules and cells 2024, 47(1), , pp.1-10
Main Authors: Kim, June Yeon, Lee, Kyeongho, Lee, Moon Geon, Kim, Sung-Jin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Atherosclerosis - epidemiology
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology
Causal relationship
Humans
Mendelian randomization
Minireview
Periodontitis
Periodontitis - complications
Periodontitis - epidemiology
Risk Factors
Systematic review
생물학
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Summary:Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major global health concern linked to significant morbidity and mortality. Recent research has explored the relationship between ASCVD and periodontitis, a prevalent inflammatory oral condition. Epidemiological studies have suggested a strong association between periodontitis and ASCVD, even proposing that periodontal disease could be a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular conditions. This review critically analyzes the current evidence for a potential causal role for periodontitis in ASCVD. While randomized controlled trials have demonstrated reductions in surrogate markers of cardiovascular risk following periodontal interventions, these studies remain inconclusive regarding their direct effects on cardiovascular events. Preclinical studies in animal models have suggested a potential causal relationship between periodontitis and ASCVD, proposing several biological mechanisms to explain this connection. These studies, however, are limited in their ability to definitively prove causality. The positive associations observed in epidemiological studies between periodontitis and ASCVD may also be influenced by various biases, such as confounding and collider stratification. Moreover, our systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies on the causal relationship between periodontitis and ASCVD found no evidence of a genetic causality, further challenging the causal hypothesis. This review underscores the need for further high-quality research clarifying the relationship between periodontitis and ASCVD to better guide clinical practice and public health policy.
ISSN:1016-8478
0219-1032
0219-1032
DOI:10.1016/j.mocell.2024.100146