Functional Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Blood Parameters in Diabetic Rats Following Dietary Intervention with Free or Immobilized Pediococcus acidilactici SK Cells on Pistachio Nuts

• Published in: Nutrients 2024-12, Vol.16 (23), p.4221
• Main Authors: Prapa, Ioanna, Yanni, Amalia E, Kompoura, Vasiliki, Mitropoulou, Gregoria, Panas, Panayiotis, Kostomitsopoulos, Nikolaos, Kourkoutas, Yiannis
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Cytokines; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - diet therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - microbiology; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - therapy; Diet; Dietary supplements; Electron microscopes; Fatty acids; Feces - microbiology; Food; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glucose; Laboratory animals; Male; Metabolism; Microbiota; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Microorganisms; Nuts; Pediococcus acidilactici; Pistacia; Prebiotics; Probiotics; Probiotics - administration & dosage; Probiotics - pharmacology; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scanning electron microscopy; Type 1 diabetes; Type 2 diabetes; Variance analysis
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu16234221

The gut microbiota is linked to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), while supplementation with probiotics may result in positive alterations in the composition of the gut microbiome. This research aimed to map the changes in the gut microbiome and blood markers of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after a dietary intervention with free or immobilized cells of the presumptive probiotic SK on pistachio nuts. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were studied and divided into four groups (healthy or diabetic) which received the free or the immobilized . SK cells on pistachio nuts for 4 weeks. Blood, fecal, and intestinal tissue samples were examined. The diabetic rats exhibited an elevated concentration of HDL-c, while the inflammatory IL-1β levels were significantly lower in the diabetic animals that received the immobilized cells compared to the group that received the free cells. The dietary intervention with immobilized cells led to decreased counts of fecal staphylococci and enterococci in the diabetic animals, while the diet with both free and immobilized . SK cells rendered levels of these populations in normal values in the feces and intestinal tissue of the diabetic animals. Noticeably, the and genera were elevated after the supplementation with immobilized SK cells on pistachio nuts. Dietary supplementation with SK cells (in free or in immobilized form) beneficially affected the gut microbiota/microbiome of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, leading to the alleviation of dysbiosis and inflammation and control over their lipid levels.