EAACI guidelines on the management of IgE‐mediated food allergy

• Published in: Allergy (Copenhagen) 2025-01, Vol.80 (1), p.14-36
• Main Authors: Santos, Alexandra F., Riggioni, Carmen, Agache, Ioana, Akdis, Cezmi A., Akdis, Mubeccel, Alvarez‐Perea, Alberto, Alvaro‐Lozano, Montserrat, Ballmer‐Weber, Barbara, Barni, Simona, Beyer, Kirsten, Bindslev‐Jensen, Carsten, Brough, Helen A., Buyuktiryaki, Betul, Chu, Derek, Del Giacco, Stefano, Dunn‐Galvin, Audrey, Eberlein, Bernadette, Ebisawa, Motohiro, Eigenmann, Philippe, Eiwegger, Thomas, Feeney, Mary, Fernandez‐Rivas, Montserrat, Fiocchi, Alessandro, Fisher, Helen R., Fleischer, David M., Giovannini, Mattia, Gray, Claudia, Hoffmann‐Sommergruber, Karin, Halken, Susanne, O'B Hourihane, Jonathan, Jones, Christina J., Jutel, Marek, Knol, Edward F., Konstantinou, George N., Lack, Gideon, Lau, Susanne, Mejias, Andreina Marques, Marchisotto, Mary Jane, Meyer, Rosan, Mortz, Charlotte G., Moya, Beatriz, Muraro, Antonella, Nilsson, Caroline, Oliveira, Lucila Camargo Lopes, O'Mahony, Liam, Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G., Perrett, Kirsten P., Peters, Rachel, Podesta, Marcia, Poulsen, Lars K., Roberts, Graham, Sampson, Hugh, Schwarze, Jürgen, Smith, Peter, Tham, Elizabeth, Untersmayr, Eva, Van Ree, Ronald, Venter, Carina, Vickery, Brian, Vlieg‐Boerstra, Berber, Werfel, Thomas, Worm, Margitta, Du Toit, George, Skypala, Isabel
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: allergen immunotherapy; Allergens; Allergens - administration & dosage; Allergens - immunology; anaphylaxis; anxiety; biologicals; Child; Desensitization, Immunologic - methods; diet; dietitians; Disease Management; drug therapy; education; eggs; epinephrine; Food allergies; food allergy; Food availability; Food Hypersensitivity - diagnosis; Food Hypersensitivity - immunology; Food Hypersensitivity - therapy; Guidelines; Humans; IgE‐mediated food allergy; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin E - immunology; Immunomodulation; Immunotherapy; management; Medical treatment; milk; Monoclonal antibodies; Oral administration; Patients; peanuts; point-of-care systems; treatment
• ISSN: 0105-4538; 1398-9995; 1398-9995
• DOI: 10.1111/all.16345

This European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) guideline provides recommendations for the management of IgE‐mediated food allergy and was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Following the confirmation of IgE‐mediated food allergy diagnosis, allergen avoidance and dietary advice (with support of a specialised dietitian, if possible) together with the provision of a written treatment plan, education on the recognition of allergic symptoms and prescription of medication including adrenaline using an auto‐injector are essential. Patients with significant anxiety and requirement for coping strategies may benefit from support from a clinical psychologist. As immunomodulatory interventions, omalizumab is suggested for treatment of IgE‐mediated food allergy in children from the age of 1 and adults; and oral allergen‐specific immunotherapy is recommended for children and adolescents with peanut allergy and suggested for milk and egg allergies (generally after 4 years of age for milk and egg). Sublingual and epicutaneous immunotherapy are suggested for peanut allergy but are not yet available at the point of care. Future research into disease modifying treatments for IgE‐mediated food allergy are highly needed, with standardised and patient‐focused protocols and outcomes.