Transmission of tuberculosis to contacts of sputum positive adults in Malawi

Over a period of one year from June 1993 to May 1994, 282 children under 6 years old who were household contacts of sputum positive adults with tuberculosis were evaluated in a screening clinic. Of these, 180 (63.8%) had evidence of tuberculosis, a much higher transmission rate than reported elsewhe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of disease in childhood 1996-02, Vol.74 (2), p.140-143
Main Authors: Topley, J M, Maher, D, Mbewe, L N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - transmission
AIDS/HIV
Bacterial diseases
BCG Vaccine
Biological and medical sciences
Child, Preschool
Children
Contact Tracing
Disease transmission
Family Health
Follow-Up Studies
HIV
HIV Seropositivity - complications
Human bacterial diseases
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
Infectious diseases
Infectivity
Medical sciences
Morbidity
Nutritional Status
Pediatrics
Socioeconomic Factors
Sputum
Sputum - microbiology
Tropical medicine
Tuberculin Test
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis - complications
Tuberculosis - drug therapy
Tuberculosis - transmission
Tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections
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Summary:Over a period of one year from June 1993 to May 1994, 282 children under 6 years old who were household contacts of sputum positive adults with tuberculosis were evaluated in a screening clinic. Of these, 180 (63.8%) had evidence of tuberculosis, a much higher transmission rate than reported elsewhere. HIV seropositivity was 77.4% in the adult index cases and 18% in the contact children. No increased infectivity to household contacts was detected in HIV seropositive index adults compared with those who were seronegative. Child tuberculosis contact tracing is essential in these families, where transmission of disease is higher than reported elsewhere, and attention to the health needs of the children may be diminished by the high morbidity and mortality among adult family members.
ISSN:0003-9888
1468-2044
DOI:10.1136/adc.74.2.140