Regulation of antiviral responses by a direct and specific interaction between TRAF3 and Cardif

• Published in: The EMBO journal 2006-07, Vol.25 (14), p.3257-3263
• Main Authors: Saha, Supriya K, Pietras, Eric M, He, Jeannie Q, Kang, Jason R, Liu, Su-Yang, Oganesyan, Gagik, Shahangian, Arash, Zarnegar, Brian, Shiba, Travis L, Wang, Yao, Cheng, Genhong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - metabolism; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - physiology; Amino acids; Animals; Antiviral drugs; Biochemistry; Cardif; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; EMBO37; Humans; Interferon; Interferon-alpha - antagonists & inhibitors; Interferon-alpha - biosynthesis; Intracellular Fluid - physiology; Mice; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; RNA, Double-Stranded - antagonists & inhibitors; RNA, Double-Stranded - physiology; RNA, Viral - antagonists & inhibitors; RNA, Viral - genetics; RNA, Viral - physiology; Sendai virus - genetics; Sendai virus - physiology; TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3; TRAF-interacting motif; TRAF3; Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Peptides and Proteins - metabolism; Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Peptides and Proteins - physiology; type I interferon; virus
• ISSN: 0261-4189; 1460-2075
• DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601220

Upon recognition of viral infection, RIG‐I and Helicard recruit a newly identified adapter termed Cardif, which induces type I interferon (IFN)‐mediated antiviral responses through an unknown mechanism. Here, we demonstrate that TRAF3, like Cardif, is required for type I interferon production in response to intracellular double‐stranded RNA. Cardif‐mediated IFNα induction occurs through a direct interaction between the TRAF domain of TRAF3 and a TRAF‐interaction motif (TIM) within Cardif. Interestingly, while the entire N‐terminus of TRAF3 was functionally interchangeable with that of TRAF5, the TRAF domain of TRAF3 was not. Our data suggest that this distinction is due to an inability of the TRAF domain of TRAF5 to bind the TIM of Cardif. Finally, we show that preventing association of TRAF3 with this TIM by mutating two critical amino acids in the TRAF domain also abolishes TRAF3‐dependent IFN production following viral infection. Thus, our findings suggest that the direct and specific interaction between the TRAF domain of TRAF3 and the TIM of Cardif is required for optimal Cardif‐mediated antiviral responses.