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Calcium and calmodulin are involved in blue light induction of the gsa gene for an early chlorophyll biosynthetic step in Chlamydomonas
The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nuclear gene gsa, which encodes the early chlorophyll biosynthetic enzyme glutamate 1-semialdehyde aminotransferase (GSAT), is specifically induced by blue light in cells synchronized in a 12-hr-light and 12-hr-dark regime. Light induction required the presence of a nit...
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| Published in: | The Plant cell 1996-12, Vol.8 (12), p.2245-2253 |
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| container_end_page | 2253 |
| container_issue | 12 |
| container_start_page | 2245 |
| container_title | The Plant cell |
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| creator | Im, G.S. (Brown University, Providence, RI.) Matters, G.L Beale, S.I |
| description | The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nuclear gene gsa, which encodes the early chlorophyll biosynthetic enzyme glutamate 1-semialdehyde aminotransferase (GSAT), is specifically induced by blue light in cells synchronized in a 12-hr-light and 12-hr-dark regime. Light induction required the presence of a nitrogen source in the incubation medium. Maximal induction also required acetate. However, in the absence of acetate, partial induction occurred when Ca2+ was present in the medium at concentrations of greater than or equal to 1 micromolar. The Ca2+ channel-blocking agents Nd3+ and nifedipine partially inhibited the external Ca2+-supported induction of GSAT mRNA but did not inhibit acetate-supported induction. The calmodulin antagonists trifluoperazine and N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro 1-naphthalenesulfonamide inhibited both external Ca2+-supported and acetate-supported induction. The Ca2+ ionophore A23187 caused a transient induction in the dark. These results suggest that Ca2+ and calmodulin are involved in the signal transduction pathway linking blue light perception to the induction of GSAT mRNA. The electron transport uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone inhibited acetate-supported induction of GSAT mRNA but did not inhibit external Ca2+-supported induction. It is proposed that in the presence of acetate, an internal pool of Ca2+ can be mobilized as a second message, whereas in the absence of acetate, internal Ca2+ is not available but the requirement for Ca2+ can be partially met by an external Ca2+ source. The mobilization of internal Ca2+ may require energy derived from metabolism of acetate |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1105/tpc.8.12.2245 |
| format | article |
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(Brown University, Providence, RI.) ; Matters, G.L ; Beale, S.I</creator><creatorcontrib>Im, G.S. (Brown University, Providence, RI.) ; Matters, G.L ; Beale, S.I</creatorcontrib><description>The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nuclear gene gsa, which encodes the early chlorophyll biosynthetic enzyme glutamate 1-semialdehyde aminotransferase (GSAT), is specifically induced by blue light in cells synchronized in a 12-hr-light and 12-hr-dark regime. Light induction required the presence of a nitrogen source in the incubation medium. Maximal induction also required acetate. However, in the absence of acetate, partial induction occurred when Ca2+ was present in the medium at concentrations of greater than or equal to 1 micromolar. The Ca2+ channel-blocking agents Nd3+ and nifedipine partially inhibited the external Ca2+-supported induction of GSAT mRNA but did not inhibit acetate-supported induction. The calmodulin antagonists trifluoperazine and N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro 1-naphthalenesulfonamide inhibited both external Ca2+-supported and acetate-supported induction. The Ca2+ ionophore A23187 caused a transient induction in the dark. These results suggest that Ca2+ and calmodulin are involved in the signal transduction pathway linking blue light perception to the induction of GSAT mRNA. The electron transport uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone inhibited acetate-supported induction of GSAT mRNA but did not inhibit external Ca2+-supported induction. It is proposed that in the presence of acetate, an internal pool of Ca2+ can be mobilized as a second message, whereas in the absence of acetate, internal Ca2+ is not available but the requirement for Ca2+ can be partially met by an external Ca2+ source. The mobilization of internal Ca2+ may require energy derived from metabolism of acetate</description><identifier>ISSN: 1040-4651</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-298X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1105/tpc.8.12.2245</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8989881</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Society of Plant Physiologists</publisher><subject>Acetates ; Acetates - metabolism ; Acetates - pharmacology ; ACIDE ACETIQUE ; ACIDO ACETICO ; AMINOTRANSFERASAS ; AMINOTRANSFERASE ; AMMONIAC ; AMONIACO ; Animals ; ANTIMETABOLITE ; ANTIMETABOLITOS ; ARN MENSAJERO ; ARN MESSAGER ; CALCIO ; CALCIUM ; Calcium - metabolism ; Calcium - pharmacology ; Calcium Channel Blockers - pharmacology ; Calmodulin - metabolism ; CALMODULINA ; CALMODULINE ; CATION ; CATIONES ; CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - drug effects ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - genetics ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - metabolism ; Chlorophyll - biosynthesis ; Chlorophylls ; Enzyme Induction - drug effects ; EXPRESION GENICA ; EXPRESSION DES GENES ; Gels ; GENE ; GENES ; Genes, Plant ; GENETICA ; GENETIQUE ; Intramolecular Transferases ; Isomerases - biosynthesis ; Light ; LUMIERE ; LUZ ; Magnesium - pharmacology ; Messenger RNA ; METABOLISME ; METABOLISMO ; Neodymium - pharmacology ; Nifedipine - pharmacology ; NITRATE ; NITRATOS ; Nitrogen ; Plant cells ; Plants ; RNA ; Signal transduction ; Sulfonamides - pharmacology</subject><ispartof>The Plant cell, 1996-12, Vol.8 (12), p.2245-2253</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1996 American Society of Plant Physiologists</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-db024d79be7401f746790592adecd4411dc9a9610aac67314f160a5ecc8f48763</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3870465$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/3870465$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925,58238,58471</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8989881$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Im, G.S. (Brown University, Providence, RI.)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matters, G.L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beale, S.I</creatorcontrib><title>Calcium and calmodulin are involved in blue light induction of the gsa gene for an early chlorophyll biosynthetic step in Chlamydomonas</title><title>The Plant cell</title><addtitle>Plant Cell</addtitle><description>The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nuclear gene gsa, which encodes the early chlorophyll biosynthetic enzyme glutamate 1-semialdehyde aminotransferase (GSAT), is specifically induced by blue light in cells synchronized in a 12-hr-light and 12-hr-dark regime. Light induction required the presence of a nitrogen source in the incubation medium. Maximal induction also required acetate. However, in the absence of acetate, partial induction occurred when Ca2+ was present in the medium at concentrations of greater than or equal to 1 micromolar. The Ca2+ channel-blocking agents Nd3+ and nifedipine partially inhibited the external Ca2+-supported induction of GSAT mRNA but did not inhibit acetate-supported induction. The calmodulin antagonists trifluoperazine and N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro 1-naphthalenesulfonamide inhibited both external Ca2+-supported and acetate-supported induction. The Ca2+ ionophore A23187 caused a transient induction in the dark. These results suggest that Ca2+ and calmodulin are involved in the signal transduction pathway linking blue light perception to the induction of GSAT mRNA. The electron transport uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone inhibited acetate-supported induction of GSAT mRNA but did not inhibit external Ca2+-supported induction. It is proposed that in the presence of acetate, an internal pool of Ca2+ can be mobilized as a second message, whereas in the absence of acetate, internal Ca2+ is not available but the requirement for Ca2+ can be partially met by an external Ca2+ source. The mobilization of internal Ca2+ may require energy derived from metabolism of acetate</description><subject>Acetates</subject><subject>Acetates - metabolism</subject><subject>Acetates - pharmacology</subject><subject>ACIDE ACETIQUE</subject><subject>ACIDO ACETICO</subject><subject>AMINOTRANSFERASAS</subject><subject>AMINOTRANSFERASE</subject><subject>AMMONIAC</subject><subject>AMONIACO</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>ANTIMETABOLITE</subject><subject>ANTIMETABOLITOS</subject><subject>ARN MENSAJERO</subject><subject>ARN MESSAGER</subject><subject>CALCIO</subject><subject>CALCIUM</subject><subject>Calcium - metabolism</subject><subject>Calcium - pharmacology</subject><subject>Calcium Channel Blockers - pharmacology</subject><subject>Calmodulin - metabolism</subject><subject>CALMODULINA</subject><subject>CALMODULINE</subject><subject>CATION</subject><subject>CATIONES</subject><subject>CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII</subject><subject>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - drug effects</subject><subject>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - genetics</subject><subject>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - metabolism</subject><subject>Chlorophyll - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Chlorophylls</subject><subject>Enzyme Induction - drug effects</subject><subject>EXPRESION GENICA</subject><subject>EXPRESSION DES GENES</subject><subject>Gels</subject><subject>GENE</subject><subject>GENES</subject><subject>Genes, Plant</subject><subject>GENETICA</subject><subject>GENETIQUE</subject><subject>Intramolecular Transferases</subject><subject>Isomerases - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>LUMIERE</subject><subject>LUZ</subject><subject>Magnesium - pharmacology</subject><subject>Messenger RNA</subject><subject>METABOLISME</subject><subject>METABOLISMO</subject><subject>Neodymium - pharmacology</subject><subject>Nifedipine - pharmacology</subject><subject>NITRATE</subject><subject>NITRATOS</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Plant cells</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>RNA</subject><subject>Signal transduction</subject><subject>Sulfonamides - pharmacology</subject><issn>1040-4651</issn><issn>1532-298X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1996</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpVkU-L1TAUxYso4zi6dCMIWYi7PnObtEkWLuThPxhwoQPuQpqkbYY0eSbtg34Cv7Z5vMcwkkVuOL97crmnql4D3gHg9sNy0Du-g2bXNLR9Ul1DS5q6Efz301JjimvatfC8epHzPcYYGIir6oqLcjhcV3_3ymu3zkgFg7TyczSrdwGpZJELx-iP1pQC9X61yLtxWsrLrHpxMaA4oGWyaMwKjTZYNMRUfJBVyW9ITz6meJg271HvYt5CYRenUV7s4WS5n7yaNxPnGFR-WT0blM_21eW-qe6-fP61_1bf_vj6ff_pttZtw5fa9LihhoneMophYLRjAreiUcZqQymA0UKJDrBSumME6AAdVq3Vmg-Us47cVB_Pvoe1n63RNixJeXlIblZpk1E5-b8S3CTHeJTQAaGi9L-_9Kf4Z7V5kbPL2nqvgo1rloyXbRM4gfUZ1CnmnOzw8AdgeQpOluAkl9DIU3CFf_t4sAf6klTR3531-7zE9NisIZhJwhkuQRfszRkbVJRqTC7Lu5-CARGEkH8TRavN</recordid><startdate>19961201</startdate><enddate>19961201</enddate><creator>Im, G.S. (Brown University, Providence, RI.)</creator><creator>Matters, G.L</creator><creator>Beale, S.I</creator><general>American Society of Plant Physiologists</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19961201</creationdate><title>Calcium and calmodulin are involved in blue light induction of the gsa gene for an early chlorophyll biosynthetic step in Chlamydomonas</title><author>Im, G.S. (Brown University, Providence, RI.) ; Matters, G.L ; Beale, S.I</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-db024d79be7401f746790592adecd4411dc9a9610aac67314f160a5ecc8f48763</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1996</creationdate><topic>Acetates</topic><topic>Acetates - metabolism</topic><topic>Acetates - pharmacology</topic><topic>ACIDE ACETIQUE</topic><topic>ACIDO ACETICO</topic><topic>AMINOTRANSFERASAS</topic><topic>AMINOTRANSFERASE</topic><topic>AMMONIAC</topic><topic>AMONIACO</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>ANTIMETABOLITE</topic><topic>ANTIMETABOLITOS</topic><topic>ARN MENSAJERO</topic><topic>ARN MESSAGER</topic><topic>CALCIO</topic><topic>CALCIUM</topic><topic>Calcium - metabolism</topic><topic>Calcium - pharmacology</topic><topic>Calcium Channel Blockers - pharmacology</topic><topic>Calmodulin - metabolism</topic><topic>CALMODULINA</topic><topic>CALMODULINE</topic><topic>CATION</topic><topic>CATIONES</topic><topic>CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII</topic><topic>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - drug effects</topic><topic>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - genetics</topic><topic>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - metabolism</topic><topic>Chlorophyll - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Chlorophylls</topic><topic>Enzyme Induction - drug effects</topic><topic>EXPRESION GENICA</topic><topic>EXPRESSION DES GENES</topic><topic>Gels</topic><topic>GENE</topic><topic>GENES</topic><topic>Genes, Plant</topic><topic>GENETICA</topic><topic>GENETIQUE</topic><topic>Intramolecular Transferases</topic><topic>Isomerases - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Light</topic><topic>LUMIERE</topic><topic>LUZ</topic><topic>Magnesium - pharmacology</topic><topic>Messenger RNA</topic><topic>METABOLISME</topic><topic>METABOLISMO</topic><topic>Neodymium - pharmacology</topic><topic>Nifedipine - pharmacology</topic><topic>NITRATE</topic><topic>NITRATOS</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Plant cells</topic><topic>Plants</topic><topic>RNA</topic><topic>Signal transduction</topic><topic>Sulfonamides - pharmacology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Im, G.S. (Brown University, Providence, RI.)</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matters, G.L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beale, S.I</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The Plant cell</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Im, G.S. (Brown University, Providence, RI.)</au><au>Matters, G.L</au><au>Beale, S.I</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Calcium and calmodulin are involved in blue light induction of the gsa gene for an early chlorophyll biosynthetic step in Chlamydomonas</atitle><jtitle>The Plant cell</jtitle><addtitle>Plant Cell</addtitle><date>1996-12-01</date><risdate>1996</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>2245</spage><epage>2253</epage><pages>2245-2253</pages><issn>1040-4651</issn><eissn>1532-298X</eissn><abstract>The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii nuclear gene gsa, which encodes the early chlorophyll biosynthetic enzyme glutamate 1-semialdehyde aminotransferase (GSAT), is specifically induced by blue light in cells synchronized in a 12-hr-light and 12-hr-dark regime. Light induction required the presence of a nitrogen source in the incubation medium. Maximal induction also required acetate. However, in the absence of acetate, partial induction occurred when Ca2+ was present in the medium at concentrations of greater than or equal to 1 micromolar. The Ca2+ channel-blocking agents Nd3+ and nifedipine partially inhibited the external Ca2+-supported induction of GSAT mRNA but did not inhibit acetate-supported induction. The calmodulin antagonists trifluoperazine and N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro 1-naphthalenesulfonamide inhibited both external Ca2+-supported and acetate-supported induction. The Ca2+ ionophore A23187 caused a transient induction in the dark. These results suggest that Ca2+ and calmodulin are involved in the signal transduction pathway linking blue light perception to the induction of GSAT mRNA. The electron transport uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone inhibited acetate-supported induction of GSAT mRNA but did not inhibit external Ca2+-supported induction. It is proposed that in the presence of acetate, an internal pool of Ca2+ can be mobilized as a second message, whereas in the absence of acetate, internal Ca2+ is not available but the requirement for Ca2+ can be partially met by an external Ca2+ source. The mobilization of internal Ca2+ may require energy derived from metabolism of acetate</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Society of Plant Physiologists</pub><pmid>8989881</pmid><doi>10.1105/tpc.8.12.2245</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1040-4651 |
| ispartof | The Plant cell, 1996-12, Vol.8 (12), p.2245-2253 |
| issn | 1040-4651 1532-298X |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_161349 |
| source | JSTOR Archival Journals and Primary Sources Collection; Oxford Journals Online |
| subjects | Acetates Acetates - metabolism Acetates - pharmacology ACIDE ACETIQUE ACIDO ACETICO AMINOTRANSFERASAS AMINOTRANSFERASE AMMONIAC AMONIACO Animals ANTIMETABOLITE ANTIMETABOLITOS ARN MENSAJERO ARN MESSAGER CALCIO CALCIUM Calcium - metabolism Calcium - pharmacology Calcium Channel Blockers - pharmacology Calmodulin - metabolism CALMODULINA CALMODULINE CATION CATIONES CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - drug effects Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - genetics Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - metabolism Chlorophyll - biosynthesis Chlorophylls Enzyme Induction - drug effects EXPRESION GENICA EXPRESSION DES GENES Gels GENE GENES Genes, Plant GENETICA GENETIQUE Intramolecular Transferases Isomerases - biosynthesis Light LUMIERE LUZ Magnesium - pharmacology Messenger RNA METABOLISME METABOLISMO Neodymium - pharmacology Nifedipine - pharmacology NITRATE NITRATOS Nitrogen Plant cells Plants RNA Signal transduction Sulfonamides - pharmacology |
| title | Calcium and calmodulin are involved in blue light induction of the gsa gene for an early chlorophyll biosynthetic step in Chlamydomonas |
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