Determination of Bisphenol A and Related Aromatic Compounds Released from Bis-GMA-Based Composites and Sealants by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Most of the composites and sealants used in dentistry are based on bisphenol A diglycidylether methacrylate (Bis-GMA). Reports revealed that in situ polymerization is not complete and that free monomers can be detected by different analytic methods. Concerns about the estrogenicity of bisphenol A (B...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental health perspectives 2000-01, Vol.108 (1), p.21-27
Main Authors: Pulgar, Rosa, Olea-Serrano, M. Fatima, Novillo-Fertrell, Arancha, Rivas, Ana, Pazos, Patricia, Pedraza, Vicente, Navajas, Jose-Manuel, Olea, Nicolas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Benzhydryl Compounds
Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate - chemistry
Bisphenols
Business publications audits
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Commercial products
Elution
Environmental Exposure
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Humans
Leaching
Monomers
Phenols - chemistry
Phenols - pharmacokinetics
Pit and Fissure Sealants - chemistry
Pit and Fissure Sealants - pharmacokinetics
Polymerization
Polymers
Resins
Sealants
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Summary:Most of the composites and sealants used in dentistry are based on bisphenol A diglycidylether methacrylate (Bis-GMA). Reports revealed that in situ polymerization is not complete and that free monomers can be detected by different analytic methods. Concerns about the estrogenicity of bisphenol A (BPA) and other aromatic components leached from commercial products have been expressed. We studied biphenolic components eluted from seven composites and one sealant before and after in vitro polymerization using HPLC and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and we investigated how pH modifications affect the leaching of these components. We found BPA (maximal amount 1.8 μg/mg dental material), its dimethacrylate derivative (Bis-DMA, 1.15 μg/mg), bisphenol A diglycidylether (6.1 μg/mg), Bis-GMA (2.0 μg/mg), and ethoxylate and propoxylate of bisphenol A in media in which samples of different commercial products were maintained under controlled pH and temperature conditions. Our results confirm the leaching of estrogenic monomers into the environment by Bis-GMA-based composites and sealants in concentrations at which biologic effects have been demonstrated in in vivo experimental models. The main issue with implications for patient care and dentist responsibility is to further determine the clinical relevance of this estrogenic exposure.
ISSN:0091-6765
1552-9924
DOI:10.1289/ehp.0010821