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Understanding measures of treatment effect in clinical trials
Evidence based medicine implies that healthcare professionals are expected to base their practice on the best available evidence. This means that we should acquire the necessary skills for appraising the medical literature, including the ability to understand and interpret the results of published a...
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| Published in: | Archives of disease in childhood 2005-01, Vol.90 (1), p.54-56 |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b560t-6d4395997849a45f33ec3cc2c1290202dfbf3050bddb4cac4277134b3ba27d8b3 |
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| container_end_page | 56 |
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 54 |
| container_title | Archives of disease in childhood |
| container_volume | 90 |
| creator | Akobeng, A K |
| description | Evidence based medicine implies that healthcare professionals are expected to base their practice on the best available evidence. This means that we should acquire the necessary skills for appraising the medical literature, including the ability to understand and interpret the results of published articles. This article discusses in a simple, practical, ‘non-statistician’ fashion some of the important outcome measures used to report clinical trials comparing different treatments or interventions. Absolute and relative risk measures are explained, and their merits and demerits discussed. The article aims to encourage healthcare professionals to appreciate the use and misuse of these outcome measures and to empower them to calculate these measures themselves when, as is frequently the case, the authors of some original articles fail to present their results in a more clinically friendly format. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1136/adc.2004.052233 |
| format | article |
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The article aims to encourage healthcare professionals to appreciate the use and misuse of these outcome measures and to empower them to calculate these measures themselves when, as is frequently the case, the authors of some original articles fail to present their results in a more clinically friendly format.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-9888</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-2044</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/adc.2004.052233</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15613512</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ADCHAK</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health</publisher><subject>absolute risk ; absolute risk reduction ; Advantages ; ARR ; Babies ; Biological and medical sciences ; BPD ; bronchopulmonary dysplasia ; clinical trial ; Clinical trials ; Clinical Trials as Topic - statistics & numerical data ; Control Groups ; Current Topic ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Drug dosages ; Estimates ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Forecasts and trends ; Health care ; Health participants ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Infections ; Intervention ; Market trend/market analysis ; Medical sciences ; Methods ; NNT ; number needed to treat ; Population ; Public health. 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Hygiene-occupational medicine ; relative risk ; relative risk reduction ; Respiratory syncytial virus ; Risk Assessment ; Risk management ; risk measures ; RRR ; RSV ; Sample Size ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Children</subject><ispartof>Archives of disease in childhood, 2005-01, Vol.90 (1), p.54-56</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2005 Archives of Disease in Childhood</rights><rights>2005 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright: 2005 Copyright 2005 Archives of Disease in Childhood</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b560t-6d4395997849a45f33ec3cc2c1290202dfbf3050bddb4cac4277134b3ba27d8b3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1828269767/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/1828269767?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,4024,21378,21394,27923,27924,27925,33611,33612,33877,33878,43733,43880,53791,53793,74221,74397</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=16427554$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15613512$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Akobeng, A K</creatorcontrib><title>Understanding measures of treatment effect in clinical trials</title><title>Archives of disease in childhood</title><addtitle>Arch Dis Child</addtitle><description>Evidence based medicine implies that healthcare professionals are expected to base their practice on the best available evidence. This means that we should acquire the necessary skills for appraising the medical literature, including the ability to understand and interpret the results of published articles. This article discusses in a simple, practical, ‘non-statistician’ fashion some of the important outcome measures used to report clinical trials comparing different treatments or interventions. Absolute and relative risk measures are explained, and their merits and demerits discussed. The article aims to encourage healthcare professionals to appreciate the use and misuse of these outcome measures and to empower them to calculate these measures themselves when, as is frequently the case, the authors of some original articles fail to present their results in a more clinically friendly format.</description><subject>absolute risk</subject><subject>absolute risk reduction</subject><subject>Advantages</subject><subject>ARR</subject><subject>Babies</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>BPD</subject><subject>bronchopulmonary dysplasia</subject><subject>clinical trial</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Clinical Trials as Topic - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Control Groups</subject><subject>Current Topic</subject><subject>Data Interpretation, Statistical</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Estimates</subject><subject>Evidence-Based Medicine</subject><subject>Forecasts and trends</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Health participants</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Intervention</subject><subject>Market trend/market analysis</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>NNT</subject><subject>number needed to treat</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>relative risk</subject><subject>relative risk reduction</subject><subject>Respiratory syncytial virus</subject><subject>Risk Assessment</subject><subject>Risk management</subject><subject>risk measures</subject><subject>RRR</subject><subject>RSV</subject><subject>Sample Size</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>Young Children</subject><issn>0003-9888</issn><issn>1468-2044</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ALSLI</sourceid><sourceid>CJNVE</sourceid><sourceid>M0P</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc1v1DAQxS0EotuFMzcUCcEBKVt_xzkUqVpBi1rRw1J6tBzHXrwkdrGTCv57HGXVpVw4zWF-8_TePABeIbhCiPAT1eoVhpCuIMOYkCdggSgXJYaUPgULCCEpayHEEThOaQchwkKQ5-AIMY4IQ3gBTm98a2IalG-d3xa9UWmMJhXBFkM0auiNHwpjrdFD4XyhO-edVl1eOtWlF-CZzcO83M8luPn08ev6ory6Pv-8PrsqG8bhUPKWkprVdSVorSizhBhNtMYa4RpiiFvbWAIZbNq2oVppiqsKEdqQRuGqFQ1Zgg-z7t3Y9KbV2VRUnbyLrlfxtwzKyccb777LbbiXqMrf4TQLvNsLxPBzNGmQvUvadJ3yJoxJ8ooQLAjO4Jt_wF0Yo8_hJBJYYF5XmV2Ccqa2qjPSeR38YH4NOnSd2RqZs6-v5dn0ZQRZNamezLyOIaVo7IN1BOVUpMxFyqlIOReZL17_nfjA75vLwNs9oFIuxEbltUsHjucnMkYPVl3KFh_2Kv6YQldMfvm2lmxzecs2GyFvM_9-5pt-91-XfwBNVcES</recordid><startdate>200501</startdate><enddate>200501</enddate><creator>Akobeng, A K</creator><general>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health</general><general>BMJ</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</general><general>BMJ Publishing Group LTD</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88B</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8A4</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BTHHO</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CJNVE</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0P</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEDU</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200501</creationdate><title>Understanding measures of treatment effect in clinical trials</title><author>Akobeng, A K</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b560t-6d4395997849a45f33ec3cc2c1290202dfbf3050bddb4cac4277134b3ba27d8b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>absolute risk</topic><topic>absolute risk reduction</topic><topic>Advantages</topic><topic>ARR</topic><topic>Babies</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>BPD</topic><topic>bronchopulmonary dysplasia</topic><topic>clinical trial</topic><topic>Clinical trials</topic><topic>Clinical Trials as Topic - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Control Groups</topic><topic>Current Topic</topic><topic>Data Interpretation, Statistical</topic><topic>Drug dosages</topic><topic>Estimates</topic><topic>Evidence-Based Medicine</topic><topic>Forecasts and trends</topic><topic>Health care</topic><topic>Health participants</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Intervention</topic><topic>Market trend/market analysis</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>NNT</topic><topic>number needed to treat</topic><topic>Population</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. 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| subjects | absolute risk absolute risk reduction Advantages ARR Babies Biological and medical sciences BPD bronchopulmonary dysplasia clinical trial Clinical trials Clinical Trials as Topic - statistics & numerical data Control Groups Current Topic Data Interpretation, Statistical Drug dosages Estimates Evidence-Based Medicine Forecasts and trends Health care Health participants Hospitals Humans Infections Intervention Market trend/market analysis Medical sciences Methods NNT number needed to treat Population Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine relative risk relative risk reduction Respiratory syncytial virus Risk Assessment Risk management risk measures RRR RSV Sample Size Treatment Outcome Young Children |
| title | Understanding measures of treatment effect in clinical trials |
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