Effectiveness of apraclonidine 1% in preventing intraocular pressure rise following macular hole surgery

• Published in: British journal of ophthalmology 2001-02, Vol.85 (2), p.164-168
• Main Authors: Sciscio, Andrea, Casswell, Anthony G
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists - therapeutic use; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; apraclonidine; Biological and medical sciences; Blood pressure; Blood Pressure - drug effects; Clonidine - analogs & derivatives; Clonidine - therapeutic use; Confidence intervals; Double-Blind Method; Eye; Female; Glaucoma; Heart rate; Heart Rate - drug effects; Humans; Hypertension; intraocular pressure; macular hole surgery; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Ocular Hypertension - prevention & control; Optic nerve; Original articles - Clinical science; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Postoperative Complications - prevention & control; Postoperative period; Prospective Studies; Retinal Perforations - surgery; Surgery; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Surgery of the eye and orbit; Vitrectomy
• ISSN: 0007-1161; 1468-2079
• DOI: 10.1136/bjo.85.2.164

AIM To determine the efficacy of apraclonidine hydrochloride 1% in preventing intraocular pressure (IOP) spikes following idiopathic macular hole (IMH) surgery with platelet adjunct and intraocular gas tamponade. METHODS This is a prospective, double masked, randomised study to compare apraclonidine hydrochloride 1%, an α2 agonist, with a placebo in the prevention of IOP rises following macular hole surgery. Each patient was randomly selected to receive either the study drug or the placebo; one drop was instilled in the conjunctival sac 2 hours preoperatively and on completion of the procedure. IOP was measured at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 24, 48 hours, and 2 weeks postoperatively. Blood pressure and heart rate were also recorded at baseline and at 3 and 24 hours postoperatively. Macular hole repair surgery was performed as standardised in the unit with a vitrectomy, platelet concentrate, and complete fill of the vitreous cavity with perfluoropropane gas (C3F8) at a concentration of 16%. RESULTS 25 patients (26 eyes) were enrolled. 12 eyes received apraclonidine hydrochloride 1% (mean age 70.7; range 62–78 years) and 14 eyes received the placebo (mean age 70.0; range 57–81 years). At baseline evaluation the mean IOP was 15.6 mm Hg for the study group and 14.3 mm Hg for the placebo group. The mean postoperative IOP at 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours was 10.6, 9.6, 8.2, and 14.0 mm Hg in the apraclonidine group. In the control group at the same time intervals the mean IOP was 23.4, 17.5, 19.2, and 24.7 mm Hg. These readings were statistically significant different: 1 hour (p=0.0001); 3 hours (p=0.0015); 6 hours (p