Living near opencast coal mining sites and children's respiratory health

OBJECTIVES To answer the question whether living near opencast coal mining sites affects acute and chronic respiratory health. METHODS All 4860 children aged 1–11 from five socioeconomically matched pairs of communities close to active opencast sites and control sites away from them were selected. E...

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Published in:Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England) England), 2000-03, Vol.57 (3), p.145-151
Main Authors: Pless-Mulloli, Tanja, Howel, Denise, King, Andrew, Stone, Ian, Merefield, John, Bessell, Jan, Darnell, Ross
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute Disease
Air Pollution - adverse effects
Air Pollution - analysis
Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding
Asthma
Asthma - epidemiology
Asthma - etiology
Biological and medical sciences
Bronchitis - epidemiology
Bronchitis - etiology
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Children & youth
Chronic Disease
Coal Mining
Communities
Community
Community life
Diaries
Environment. Living conditions
Female
General practice
Geometric mean
Health outcomes
Humans
Infant
Male
Matched-Pair Analysis
Medical sciences
opencast coal mining
Particle Size
Particulate matter
PM10
Prevalence
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Questionnaires
Regression analysis
Residence Characteristics
respiratory health
Respiratory Sounds - etiology
Respiratory Tract Diseases - epidemiology
Respiratory Tract Diseases - etiology
Socioeconomic Factors
United Kingdom
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container_issue 3
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container_title Occupational and environmental medicine (London, England)
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creator Pless-Mulloli, Tanja
Howel, Denise
King, Andrew
Stone, Ian
Merefield, John
Bessell, Jan
Darnell, Ross
description OBJECTIVES To answer the question whether living near opencast coal mining sites affects acute and chronic respiratory health. METHODS All 4860 children aged 1–11 from five socioeconomically matched pairs of communities close to active opencast sites and control sites away from them were selected. Exposure was assessed by concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter
doi_str_mv 10.1136/oem.57.3.145
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METHODS All 4860 children aged 1–11 from five socioeconomically matched pairs of communities close to active opencast sites and control sites away from them were selected. Exposure was assessed by concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter &lt;10 μm (PM10), residential proximity to active opencast sites, and particle composition. PM10 was monitored and sampled for 6 weeks in four pairs, and for 24 weeks in one pair. A postal questionnaire collected data on health and lifestyle. Daily health information was collected by a symptom diary (concurrently with PM10 monitoring) and general practitioner (GP) records were abstracted (concurrently with PM10 monitoring and 52 weeks before the study). Outcomes were the cumulative and period prevalence (2 and 12 months) of wheeze, asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory symptoms, and the prevalence and incidence of daily symptoms and GP consultations. RESULTS Patterns of the daily variation of PM10 were similar in opencast and control communities, but PM10 was higher in opencast areas (mean ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.13 to 1.16, geometric mean 17.0 μg/m3 v14.9 μg/m3). Opencast sites were a measurable contributor to PM10 in adjacent areas. Little evidence was found for associations between living near an opencast site and an increased prevalence of respiratory illnesses, asthma severity, or daily diary symptoms, but children in opencast communities 1–4 had significantly more respiratory consultations (1.5 v 1.1 per person-year) than children in control communities for the 6 week study periods. Associations between daily PM10concentrations and acute health events were similar in opencast and control communities. CONCLUSIONS Children in opencast communities were exposed to a small but significant amount of additional PM10 to which the opencast sites were a measurable contributor. Past and present respiratory health of children was similar, but GP consultations for respiratory conditions were higher in opencast communities during the core study period.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1351-0711</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1470-7926</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/oem.57.3.145</identifier><identifier>PMID: 10810095</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><subject>Acute Disease ; Air Pollution - adverse effects ; Air Pollution - analysis ; Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding ; Asthma ; Asthma - epidemiology ; Asthma - etiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Bronchitis - epidemiology ; Bronchitis - etiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children &amp; youth ; Chronic Disease ; Coal Mining ; Communities ; Community ; Community life ; Diaries ; Environment. Living conditions ; Female ; General practice ; Geometric mean ; Health outcomes ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Matched-Pair Analysis ; Medical sciences ; opencast coal mining ; Particle Size ; Particulate matter ; PM10 ; Prevalence ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. 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METHODS All 4860 children aged 1–11 from five socioeconomically matched pairs of communities close to active opencast sites and control sites away from them were selected. Exposure was assessed by concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter &lt;10 μm (PM10), residential proximity to active opencast sites, and particle composition. PM10 was monitored and sampled for 6 weeks in four pairs, and for 24 weeks in one pair. A postal questionnaire collected data on health and lifestyle. Daily health information was collected by a symptom diary (concurrently with PM10 monitoring) and general practitioner (GP) records were abstracted (concurrently with PM10 monitoring and 52 weeks before the study). Outcomes were the cumulative and period prevalence (2 and 12 months) of wheeze, asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory symptoms, and the prevalence and incidence of daily symptoms and GP consultations. RESULTS Patterns of the daily variation of PM10 were similar in opencast and control communities, but PM10 was higher in opencast areas (mean ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.13 to 1.16, geometric mean 17.0 μg/m3 v14.9 μg/m3). Opencast sites were a measurable contributor to PM10 in adjacent areas. Little evidence was found for associations between living near an opencast site and an increased prevalence of respiratory illnesses, asthma severity, or daily diary symptoms, but children in opencast communities 1–4 had significantly more respiratory consultations (1.5 v 1.1 per person-year) than children in control communities for the 6 week study periods. Associations between daily PM10concentrations and acute health events were similar in opencast and control communities. CONCLUSIONS Children in opencast communities were exposed to a small but significant amount of additional PM10 to which the opencast sites were a measurable contributor. Past and present respiratory health of children was similar, but GP consultations for respiratory conditions were higher in opencast communities during the core study period.</description><subject>Acute Disease</subject><subject>Air Pollution - adverse effects</subject><subject>Air Pollution - analysis</subject><subject>Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding</subject><subject>Asthma</subject><subject>Asthma - epidemiology</subject><subject>Asthma - etiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Bronchitis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Bronchitis - etiology</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children &amp; youth</subject><subject>Chronic Disease</subject><subject>Coal Mining</subject><subject>Communities</subject><subject>Community</subject><subject>Community life</subject><subject>Diaries</subject><subject>Environment. 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METHODS All 4860 children aged 1–11 from five socioeconomically matched pairs of communities close to active opencast sites and control sites away from them were selected. Exposure was assessed by concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter &lt;10 μm (PM10), residential proximity to active opencast sites, and particle composition. PM10 was monitored and sampled for 6 weeks in four pairs, and for 24 weeks in one pair. A postal questionnaire collected data on health and lifestyle. Daily health information was collected by a symptom diary (concurrently with PM10 monitoring) and general practitioner (GP) records were abstracted (concurrently with PM10 monitoring and 52 weeks before the study). Outcomes were the cumulative and period prevalence (2 and 12 months) of wheeze, asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory symptoms, and the prevalence and incidence of daily symptoms and GP consultations. RESULTS Patterns of the daily variation of PM10 were similar in opencast and control communities, but PM10 was higher in opencast areas (mean ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.13 to 1.16, geometric mean 17.0 μg/m3 v14.9 μg/m3). Opencast sites were a measurable contributor to PM10 in adjacent areas. Little evidence was found for associations between living near an opencast site and an increased prevalence of respiratory illnesses, asthma severity, or daily diary symptoms, but children in opencast communities 1–4 had significantly more respiratory consultations (1.5 v 1.1 per person-year) than children in control communities for the 6 week study periods. Associations between daily PM10concentrations and acute health events were similar in opencast and control communities. CONCLUSIONS Children in opencast communities were exposed to a small but significant amount of additional PM10 to which the opencast sites were a measurable contributor. Past and present respiratory health of children was similar, but GP consultations for respiratory conditions were higher in opencast communities during the core study period.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</pub><pmid>10810095</pmid><doi>10.1136/oem.57.3.145</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Acute Disease
Air Pollution - adverse effects
Air Pollution - analysis
Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding
Asthma
Asthma - epidemiology
Asthma - etiology
Biological and medical sciences
Bronchitis - epidemiology
Bronchitis - etiology
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Children & youth
Chronic Disease
Coal Mining
Communities
Community
Community life
Diaries
Environment. Living conditions
Female
General practice
Geometric mean
Health outcomes
Humans
Infant
Male
Matched-Pair Analysis
Medical sciences
opencast coal mining
Particle Size
Particulate matter
PM10
Prevalence
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Questionnaires
Regression analysis
Residence Characteristics
respiratory health
Respiratory Sounds - etiology
Respiratory Tract Diseases - epidemiology
Respiratory Tract Diseases - etiology
Socioeconomic Factors
United Kingdom
title Living near opencast coal mining sites and children's respiratory health
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