HIV viral suppression in the era of antiretroviral therapy

Altogether 42 million people worldwide have been infected with HIV, and 12 million have died over the last 20 years. Effective antiretroviral therapy has lead to sustained HIV viral suppression and immunological recovery in patients who have been infected with the virus. The incidence of AIDS has de...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Postgraduate medical journal 2003-01, Vol.79 (927), p.36-42
Main Authors: Thaker, H K, Snow, M H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIDS
Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Antiretroviral drugs
antiretroviral therapy
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
Antiviral agents
Best Practice
Biological and medical sciences
Dosage and administration
Drug Resistance, Viral
Drug therapy
Evaluation
Female
HAART
highly active antiretroviral therapy
HIV
HIV infection
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - mortality
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control
Medical sciences
Mortality
NNRTI
non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
NRTI
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Patient Compliance
Patient outcomes
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
protease inhibitor
Protease inhibitors
Tropical medicine
United Kingdom
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Summary:Altogether 42 million people worldwide have been infected with HIV, and 12 million have died over the last 20 years. Effective antiretroviral therapy has lead to sustained HIV viral suppression and immunological recovery in patients who have been infected with the virus. The incidence of AIDS has declined in the Western world with the introduction of effective antiretroviral therapy. Questions on When to start treatment?, What to start with?, How to monitor patients?, remain heavily debated. Adherence to antiretroviral treatment remains the cornerstone of effective treatment, and failure to adhere is the strongest predictor of virological failure. Long term therapy can lead to metabolic complications. Resource poor countries are dealing with difficult issues such as mother to child prevention of HIV transmission. Other treatment options are now available, with the recent introduction of fusion inhibitors, second generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors to clinical practice.
ISSN:0032-5473
1469-0756
DOI:10.1136/pmj.79.927.36