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Iontophoretic Release of Cyclic AMP and Dispersion of Melanosomes within a Single Melanophore

Selective dispersion of melanosomes was often observed after iontophoretic injection of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) from a glass microelectrode positioned in a target melanophore in frog skin (as viewed from above through a microscope), with other melanophores in the field serving as contro...

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Published in:	The Journal of cell biology 1977-09, Vol.74 (3), p.928-939
Main Authors:	Geschwind, Irving I., Horowitz, John M., Mikuckis, Gene M., Dewey, Robert D.
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Animals Anura Cell membranes Cells Cyclic AMP - pharmacology Cyclic GMP - pharmacology Electrodes Hormones Melanins Melanophores Melanophores - drug effects Melanophores - physiology Melanophores - ultrastructure Melanosomes Membrane potential Membrane Potentials Models, Biological Neurons Organoids - drug effects Rana pipiens Receptors Skin
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container_end_page	939
container_issue	3
container_start_page	928
container_title	The Journal of cell biology
container_volume	74
creator	Geschwind, Irving I. Horowitz, John M. Mikuckis, Gene M. Dewey, Robert D.
description	Selective dispersion of melanosomes was often observed after iontophoretic injection of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) from a glass microelectrode positioned in a target melanophore in frog skin (as viewed from above through a microscope), with other melanophores in the field serving as controls. Because the skin has orderly arrays of several types of closely spaced cells, it is probable that at times the microelectrode also impales cells other than melanophores. When cyclic AMP injection inside a cell resulted in dispersion of melanosomes from a perinuclear position into dendritic processes, the onset of dispersion was relatively rapid, in many cases
doi_str_mv	10.1083/jcb.74.3.928
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Because the skin has orderly arrays of several types of closely spaced cells, it is probable that at times the microelectrode also impales cells other than melanophores. When cyclic AMP injection inside a cell resulted in dispersion of melanosomes from a perinuclear position into dendritic processes, the onset of dispersion was relatively rapid, in many cases <4 min (mean time of onset, 5.3 ± 2.9 [SD] min). A much slower dispersion (mean time of onset, 19.0 ± 5.0 min) of melanosomes was observed when the microelectrode was positioned adjacent to a melanophore, and much larger quantities of cyclic AMP were released. In addition, no changes were observed for injections of 5′-AMP or cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) through electrodes positioned inside or adjacent to melanophores. Potential measurements showed that after impaling a cell, a constant transmembrane potential could often be recorded over many minutes, indicating that the membrane tends to seal around the microelectrode. The results indicate that cyclic AMP acts more rapidly on the inside of a cell than when applied outside a cell and allowed to diffuse through the plasma membrane. This study introduces a model system whereby the properties of the plasma membrane and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) receptors can be studied within a single target cell.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-9525</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1540-8140</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1083/jcb.74.3.928</identifier><identifier>PMID: 198412</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Rockefeller University Press</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anura ; Cell membranes ; Cells ; Cyclic AMP - pharmacology ; Cyclic GMP - pharmacology ; Electrodes ; Hormones ; Melanins ; Melanophores ; Melanophores - drug effects ; Melanophores - physiology ; Melanophores - ultrastructure ; Melanosomes ; Membrane potential ; Membrane Potentials ; Models, Biological ; Neurons ; Organoids - drug effects ; Rana pipiens ; Receptors ; Skin</subject><ispartof>The Journal of cell biology, 1977-09, Vol.74 (3), p.928-939</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1977 The Rockefeller University Press</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-b060aa6a7418c528e65ae4837f6898e66940e2e0b984f3c6307242004a47d1183</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/198412$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Geschwind, Irving I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Horowitz, John M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikuckis, Gene M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dewey, Robert D.</creatorcontrib><title>Iontophoretic Release of Cyclic AMP and Dispersion of Melanosomes within a Single Melanophore</title><title>The Journal of cell biology</title><addtitle>J Cell Biol</addtitle><description>Selective dispersion of melanosomes was often observed after iontophoretic injection of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) from a glass microelectrode positioned in a target melanophore in frog skin (as viewed from above through a microscope), with other melanophores in the field serving as controls. Because the skin has orderly arrays of several types of closely spaced cells, it is probable that at times the microelectrode also impales cells other than melanophores. When cyclic AMP injection inside a cell resulted in dispersion of melanosomes from a perinuclear position into dendritic processes, the onset of dispersion was relatively rapid, in many cases <4 min (mean time of onset, 5.3 ± 2.9 [SD] min). A much slower dispersion (mean time of onset, 19.0 ± 5.0 min) of melanosomes was observed when the microelectrode was positioned adjacent to a melanophore, and much larger quantities of cyclic AMP were released. In addition, no changes were observed for injections of 5′-AMP or cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) through electrodes positioned inside or adjacent to melanophores. Potential measurements showed that after impaling a cell, a constant transmembrane potential could often be recorded over many minutes, indicating that the membrane tends to seal around the microelectrode. The results indicate that cyclic AMP acts more rapidly on the inside of a cell than when applied outside a cell and allowed to diffuse through the plasma membrane. This study introduces a model system whereby the properties of the plasma membrane and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) receptors can be studied within a single target cell.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anura</subject><subject>Cell membranes</subject><subject>Cells</subject><subject>Cyclic AMP - pharmacology</subject><subject>Cyclic GMP - pharmacology</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Melanins</subject><subject>Melanophores</subject><subject>Melanophores - drug effects</subject><subject>Melanophores - physiology</subject><subject>Melanophores - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Melanosomes</subject><subject>Membrane potential</subject><subject>Membrane Potentials</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>Neurons</subject><subject>Organoids - drug effects</subject><subject>Rana pipiens</subject><subject>Receptors</subject><subject>Skin</subject><issn>0021-9525</issn><issn>1540-8140</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1977</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpVkUlPwzAQhS3EVgo3jhxy4kTKeEniXJBQWSUQiOWILNedUFdpXOwU1H-PWyoKJ2v8Pb2ZeUPIIYUeBclPx2bQK0SP90omN0iHZgJSSQVskg4Ao2mZsWyX7IUwBgBRCL5DtmkpBWUd8nbrmtZNR85ja03yhDXqgImrkv7c1PHn_P4x0c0wubBhij5Y1yzgPda6ccFNMCRfth3ZJtHJs23ea1yxpeU-2ap0HfBg9XbJ69XlS_8mvXu4vu2f36WGl2WbDiAHrXNdCCpNxiTmmUYheVHlsoxVXgpAhjCIQ1fc5BwKJljcRYtiSKnkXXL24zudDSY4NNi0Xtdq6u1E-7ly2qr_pLEj9e4-FaMUFhl2yfHKwLuPGYZWTWwwWMdN0M2CimFBzqSIwpMfofEuBI_VbxMKauGk4jVUIRRX8RpRfvR3sLV4Gf8aj0Pr_JrmIFlZ8G9MVI82</recordid><startdate>19770901</startdate><enddate>19770901</enddate><creator>Geschwind, Irving I.</creator><creator>Horowitz, John M.</creator><creator>Mikuckis, Gene M.</creator><creator>Dewey, Robert D.</creator><general>Rockefeller University Press</general><general>The Rockefeller University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19770901</creationdate><title>Iontophoretic Release of Cyclic AMP and Dispersion of Melanosomes within a Single Melanophore</title><author>Geschwind, Irving I. ; Horowitz, John M. ; Mikuckis, Gene M. ; Dewey, Robert D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c399t-b060aa6a7418c528e65ae4837f6898e66940e2e0b984f3c6307242004a47d1183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1977</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anura</topic><topic>Cell membranes</topic><topic>Cells</topic><topic>Cyclic AMP - pharmacology</topic><topic>Cyclic GMP - pharmacology</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>Hormones</topic><topic>Melanins</topic><topic>Melanophores</topic><topic>Melanophores - drug effects</topic><topic>Melanophores - physiology</topic><topic>Melanophores - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Melanosomes</topic><topic>Membrane potential</topic><topic>Membrane Potentials</topic><topic>Models, Biological</topic><topic>Neurons</topic><topic>Organoids - drug effects</topic><topic>Rana pipiens</topic><topic>Receptors</topic><topic>Skin</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Geschwind, Irving I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Horowitz, John M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikuckis, Gene M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dewey, Robert D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The Journal of cell biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Geschwind, Irving I.</au><au>Horowitz, John M.</au><au>Mikuckis, Gene M.</au><au>Dewey, Robert D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Iontophoretic Release of Cyclic AMP and Dispersion of Melanosomes within a Single Melanophore</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of cell biology</jtitle><addtitle>J Cell Biol</addtitle><date>1977-09-01</date><risdate>1977</risdate><volume>74</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>928</spage><epage>939</epage><pages>928-939</pages><issn>0021-9525</issn><eissn>1540-8140</eissn><abstract>Selective dispersion of melanosomes was often observed after iontophoretic injection of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) from a glass microelectrode positioned in a target melanophore in frog skin (as viewed from above through a microscope), with other melanophores in the field serving as controls. Because the skin has orderly arrays of several types of closely spaced cells, it is probable that at times the microelectrode also impales cells other than melanophores. When cyclic AMP injection inside a cell resulted in dispersion of melanosomes from a perinuclear position into dendritic processes, the onset of dispersion was relatively rapid, in many cases <4 min (mean time of onset, 5.3 ± 2.9 [SD] min). A much slower dispersion (mean time of onset, 19.0 ± 5.0 min) of melanosomes was observed when the microelectrode was positioned adjacent to a melanophore, and much larger quantities of cyclic AMP were released. In addition, no changes were observed for injections of 5′-AMP or cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) through electrodes positioned inside or adjacent to melanophores. Potential measurements showed that after impaling a cell, a constant transmembrane potential could often be recorded over many minutes, indicating that the membrane tends to seal around the microelectrode. The results indicate that cyclic AMP acts more rapidly on the inside of a cell than when applied outside a cell and allowed to diffuse through the plasma membrane. This study introduces a model system whereby the properties of the plasma membrane and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) receptors can be studied within a single target cell.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Rockefeller University Press</pub><pmid>198412</pmid><doi>10.1083/jcb.74.3.928</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source	Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects	Animals Anura Cell membranes Cells Cyclic AMP - pharmacology Cyclic GMP - pharmacology Electrodes Hormones Melanins Melanophores Melanophores - drug effects Melanophores - physiology Melanophores - ultrastructure Melanosomes Membrane potential Membrane Potentials Models, Biological Neurons Organoids - drug effects Rana pipiens Receptors Skin
title	Iontophoretic Release of Cyclic AMP and Dispersion of Melanosomes within a Single Melanophore
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