Treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea leads to improved microvascular endothelial function in the systemic circulation

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common and potentially reversible cause of systemic hypertension. The mechanisms whereby OSA leads to hypertension and the effects of treatment on arterial function, however, are not well established. Microvascular arterial endothelial and smooth muscl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Thorax 2006-06, Vol.61 (6), p.491-495
Main Authors: Lattimore, J L, Wilcox, I, Skilton, M, Langenfeld, M, Celermajer, D S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acetylcholine
ACh
AHI
Airway management
Analysis of Variance
apnoea hypopnoea index
Arterial lines
atherosclerosis
Automation
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Flow Velocity - physiology
Blood pressure
BMI
Body mass index
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology
Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control
Cholesterol
continuous positive airway pressure
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure - methods
CPAP
Drug dosages
Endothelium
Endothelium, Vascular - physiology
Female
Forearm - blood supply
Heart rate
Humans
Hypertension
l-NMMA
Male
Medical sciences
Middle age
Middle Aged
NG-monomethyl-l-arginine
nitric oxide
obstructive sleep apnoea
OSA
Pneumology
Respiratory system : syndromes and miscellaneous diseases
Sleep apnea
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - physiopathology
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - therapy
Sleep Disordered Breathing
SNP
sodium nitroprusside
Strain gauges
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Summary:Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common and potentially reversible cause of systemic hypertension. The mechanisms whereby OSA leads to hypertension and the effects of treatment on arterial function, however, are not well established. Microvascular arterial endothelial and smooth muscle function was assessed in subjects with OSA before and after treatment with continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP). Methods: Ten subjects of mean (SE) age 49 (8) years with at least moderately severe OSA had detailed forearm vascular reactivity studies before and after 3 months of CPAP treatment. The systemic circulation was assessed by measuring brachial artery pressure, flow and resistance responses to intra-arterial infusions of acetylcholine (ACh; an endothelium dependent vasodilator), sodium nitroprusside (SNP; an endothelium independent vasodilator), l-NMMA (a nitric oxide (NO) antagonist), and l-arginine (the substrate for NO). Results: Before CPAP, ACh and SNP infusions increased forearm blood flow in a dose dependent manner (p
ISSN:0040-6376
1468-3296
DOI:10.1136/thx.2004.039164