Chlamydomonas kinesin-II-dependent intraflagellar transport (IFT): IFT particles contain proteins required for ciliary assembly in Caenorhabditis elegans sensory neurons

• Published in: The Journal of cell biology 1998-05, Vol.141 (4), p.993-1008
• Main Authors: Cole, D.G. (Yale University, New Haven, CT.), Diener, D.R, Himelblau, A.L, Beech, P.L, Fuster, J.C, Rosenbaum, J.L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ANIMAL TISSUES; Animals; Antibodies; AXONEMES; Bacteria; Body regions; CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; Caenorhabditis elegans - physiology; Calcium-Binding Proteins - chemistry; Calcium-Binding Proteins - isolation & purification; Calcium-Binding Proteins - metabolism; Cell lines; CELL MEMBRANES; CELL STRUCTURE; Cells; Cellular biology; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDTII; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - physiology; Cilia; Cilia - physiology; ESTRUCTURA CELULAR; FLA10 PROTEIN; Flagella; Flagella - physiology; Flagella - ultrastructure; FLAGELLAR BASAL BODIES; FLAGELLAR MEMBRANES; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Gels; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; IMMUNOLOGIE; IMMUNOLOGY; INMUNOLOGIA; Kinesins - metabolism; MEMBRANAS CELULARES; MEMBRANE CELLULAIRE; Microtubules; Models, Structural; Molecular Weight; MOUVEMENT; MOVEMENT; MOVIMIENTO; Muscle Proteins - chemistry; Muscle Proteins - isolation & purification; Muscle Proteins - metabolism; MUTACION; MUTANT; MUTANTES; MUTANTS; MUTATION; NERF; NERVES; NERVIOS; Neurons; Neurons, Afferent - physiology; PEPTIDE; PEPTIDES; PEPTIDOS; POLYPEPTIDES; PROTEINAS; PROTEINE; PROTEINS; Rafts; SENSORY CILIA; STRUCTURE CELLULAIRE; TEJIDOS ANIMALES; TISSU ANIMAL
• ISSN: 0021-9525; 1540-8140
• DOI: 10.1083/jcb.141.4.993

We previously described a kinesin-dependent movement of particles in the flagella of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii called intraflagellar transport (IFT) (Kozminski, K.G., K.A. Johnson, P. Forscher, and J.L. Rosenbaum. 1993. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 90:5519-5523). When IFT is inhibited by inactivation of a kinesin, FLA10, in the temperature-sensitive mutant, fla10, existing flagella resorb and new flagella cannot be assembled. We report here that: (a) the IFT-associated FLA10 protein is a subunit of a heterotrimeric kinesin; (b) IFT particles are composed of 15 polypeptides comprising two large complexes; (c) the FLA10 kinesin-II and IFT particle polypeptides, in addition to being found in flagella, are highly concentrated around the flagellar basal bodies; and, (d) mutations affecting homologs of two of the IFT particle polypeptides in Caenorhabditis elegans result in defects in the sensory cilia located on the dendritic processes of sensory neurons. In the accompanying report by Pazour, G.J., C.G. Wilkerson, and G.B. Witman (1998. J. Cell Biol. 141:979-992), a Chlamydomonas mutant (fla14) is described in which only the retrograde transport of IFT particles is disrupted, resulting in assembly-defective flagella filled with an excess of IFT particles. This microtubule-dependent transport process, IFT, defined by mutants in both the anterograde (fla10) and retrograde (fla14) transport of isolable particles, is probably essential for the maintenance and assembly of all eukaryotic motile flagella and nonmotile sensory cilia.