Riboswitch Control of Gene Expression in Plants by Splicing and Alternative 3' End Processing of mRNAs

• Published in: The Plant cell 2007-11, Vol.19 (11), p.3437-3450
• Main Authors: Wachter, Andreas, Tunc-Ozdemir, Meral, Grove, Beth C, Green, Pamela J, Shintani, David K, Breaker, Ronald R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 3' Untranslated Regions - chemistry; 3' Untranslated Regions - genetics; Alternative Splicing - drug effects; Alternative Splicing - genetics; Aptamers, Nucleotide - chemistry; Aptamers, Nucleotide - genetics; Base Sequence; Conserved Sequence; Exons - genetics; Feedback, Physiological - drug effects; Five prime untranslated regions; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects; Introns; Introns - genetics; Messenger RNA; Metabolites; Models, Genetic; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation - genetics; Nucleic Acid Conformation - drug effects; Nucleotides; Plant Proteins - genetics; Plant Proteins - metabolism; Plant species; Plants - drug effects; Plants - genetics; Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid - genetics; Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; RNA; RNA 3' End Processing - drug effects; RNA 3' End Processing - genetics; RNA, Messenger - genetics; Splicing; Thiamine - pharmacology; Thiamine Pyrophosphate - metabolism; Three prime untranslated regions; Untranslated regions
• ISSN: 1040-4651; 1532-298X; 1532-298X
• DOI: 10.1105/tpc.107.053645

The most widespread riboswitch class, found in organisms from all three domains of life, is responsive to the vitamin B₁ derivative thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP). We have established that a TPP-sensing riboswitch is present in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the thiamin biosynthetic gene THIC of all plant species examined. The THIC TPP riboswitch controls the formation of transcripts with alternative 3' UTR lengths, which affect mRNA accumulation and protein production. We demonstrate that riboswitch-mediated regulation of alternative 3' end processing is critical for TPP-dependent feedback control of THIC expression. Our data reveal a mechanism whereby metabolite-dependent alteration of RNA folding controls splicing and alternative 3' end processing of mRNAs. These findings highlight the importance of metabolite sensing by riboswitches in plants and further reveal the significance of alternative 3' end processing as a mechanism of gene control in eukaryotes.