Specificity of social anxiety disorder as a risk factor for alcohol and cannabis dependence

Abstract Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is highly comorbid with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and cannabis dependence. However, the temporal sequencing of these disorders has not been extensively studied to determine whether SAD serves as a specific risk factor for problematic substance use. The prese...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of psychiatric research 2008-02, Vol.42 (3), p.230-239
Main Authors: Buckner, Julia D, Schmidt, Norman B, Lang, Alan R, Small, Jason W, Schlauch, Robert C, Lewinsohn, Peter M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Addictive behaviors
Adolescent
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Alcohol
Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology
Alcoholism
Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning
Anxiety Disorders - diagnosis
Anxiety Disorders - epidemiology
Anxiety Disorders - psychology
Anxiety disorders. Neuroses
Biological and medical sciences
Cannabis
Drug addiction
Female
Humans
Male
Marijuana
Marijuana Abuse - epidemiology
Medical sciences
Phobia
Phobic Disorders - diagnosis
Phobic Disorders - epidemiology
Phobic Disorders - psychology
Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Risk Factors
Social anxiety
Social phobia
Substance use
Surveys and Questionnaires
Toxicology
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Summary:Abstract Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is highly comorbid with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and cannabis dependence. However, the temporal sequencing of these disorders has not been extensively studied to determine whether SAD serves as a specific risk factor for problematic substance use. The present study examined these relationships after controlling for theoretically-relevant variables (e.g., gender, other Axis I pathology) in a longitudinal cohort over approximately 14 years. The sample was drawn from participants in the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project. After excluding those with substance use disorders at baseline, SAD at study entry was associated with 6.5 greater odds of cannabis dependence (but not abuse) and 4.5 greater odds of alcohol dependence (but not abuse) at follow-up after controlling for relevant variables (e.g., gender, depression, conduct disorder). The relationship between SAD and alcohol and cannabis dependence remained even after controlling for other anxiety disorders. Other anxiety disorders and mood disorders were not associated with subsequent cannabis or alcohol use disorder after controlling for relevant variables. Among the internalizing disorders, SAD appears to serve as a unique risk factor for the subsequent onset of cannabis and alcohol dependence.
ISSN:0022-3956
1879-1379
DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.01.002