The first trimester human trophoblast cell line ACH-3P: a novel tool to study autocrine/paracrine regulatory loops of human trophoblast subpopulations--TNF-alpha stimulates MMP15 expression

• Published in: BMC developmental biology 2007-12, Vol.7 (1), p.137-137, Article 137
• Main Authors: Hiden, Ursula, Wadsack, Christian, Prutsch, Nicole, Gauster, Martin, Weiss, Ursula, Frank, Hans-Georg, Schmitz, Ulrike, Fast-Hirsch, Christa, Hengstschläger, Markus, Pötgens, Andy, Rüben, Angela, Knöfler, Martin, Haslinger, Peter, Huppertz, Berthold, Bilban, Martin, Kaufmann, Peter, Desoye, Gernot
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Autocrine Communication; Cell Fusion; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Separation; Choriocarcinoma; Chorionic Gonadotropin - secretion; Female; Fetus; Flow Cytometry; Growth retardation; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I - metabolism; HLA Antigens - metabolism; HLA-G Antigens; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Matrix Metalloproteinase 15 - biosynthesis; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Paracrine Communication; Physiological aspects; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Pregnancy, Complications of; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Trophoblast; Trophoblasts - cytology; Trophoblasts - metabolism; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - pharmacology
• ISSN: 1471-213X; 1471-213X
• DOI: 10.1186/1471-213X-7-137

The trophoblast compartment of the placenta comprises various subpopulations with distinct functions. They interact among each other by secreted signals thus forming autocrine or paracrine regulatory loops. We established a first trimester trophoblast cell line (ACH-3P) by fusion of primary human first trimester trophoblasts (week 12 of gestation) with a human choriocarcinoma cell line (AC1-1). Expression of trophoblast markers (cytokeratin-7, integrins, matrix metalloproteinases), invasion abilities and transcriptome of ACH-3P closely resembled primary trophoblasts. Morphology, cytogenetics and doubling time was similar to the parental AC1-1 cells. The different subpopulations of trophoblasts e.g., villous and extravillous trophoblasts also exist in ACH-3P cells and can be immuno-separated by HLA-G surface expression. HLA-G positive ACH-3P display pseudopodia and a stronger expression of extravillous trophoblast markers. Higher expression of insulin-like growth factor II receptor and human chorionic gonadotropin represents the basis for the known autocrine stimulation of extravillous trophoblasts. We conclude that ACH-3P represent a tool to investigate interaction of syngeneic trophoblast subpopulations. These cells are particularly suited for studies into autocrine and paracrine regulation of various aspects of trophoblast function. As an example a novel effect of TNF-alpha on matrix metalloproteinase 15 in HLA-G positive ACH-3P and explants was found.