A cohort study of antihypertensive treatments and risk of renal cell cancer

We studied 335 682 county residents, of whom 113 298 had been prescribed antihypertensive treatment (AHT), in the period 1989–2002 in North Jutland County, Denmark to examine the relation between different AHTs and the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). An internal comparison was performed among th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of cancer 2005-04, Vol.92 (7), p.1302-1306
Main Authors: Fryzek, J P, Poulsen, A H, Johnsen, S P, McLaughlin, J K, Sørensen, H T, Friis, S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Antihypertensive Agents - adverse effects
Antihypertensive Agents - therapeutic use
Antihypertensives
Beta blockers
Biological and medical sciences
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Cancer therapies
Carcinoma, Renal Cell - epidemiology
Carcinoma, Renal Cell - etiology
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic
Denmark - epidemiology
Diuretics
Drug Resistance
Epidemiology
Female
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - complications
Hypertension - drug therapy
Kidney cancer
Kidney Neoplasms - epidemiology
Kidney Neoplasms - etiology
Male
Medical research
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Molecular Medicine
Oncology
Pharmacy
Risk Factors
Tumors
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Summary:We studied 335 682 county residents, of whom 113 298 had been prescribed antihypertensive treatment (AHT), in the period 1989–2002 in North Jutland County, Denmark to examine the relation between different AHTs and the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). An internal comparison was performed among the different classes of AHT users with users of beta blockers as the reference, in order to address potential confounding and bias. The average follow-up was 10 years (range 0–13). Use of any AHT was associated with RCC (relative rate (RR)=1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3–1.9) compared with nonusers in the general population. Specific classes of AHTs were nonsignificantly associated with RCC, but compared with users of beta blockers, the numbers observed were close to expectation. Analyses by duration of follow-up and number of prescriptions revealed no clear trends for any antihypertensive agent and after 5-years of follow-up, the RRs for all classes of AHT decreased. The elevated RRs for RCC among users of AHTs compared with the general population are unlikely to be causal, but rather reflect confounding due to failure to control for pre-existing hypertension, and protopathic bias, due to the presence of hypertension as an early sign of kidney disease.
ISSN:0007-0920
1532-1827
DOI:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602490