Transcriptional control by PARP-1: chromatin modulation, enhancer-binding, coregulation, and insulation

The regulation of gene expression requires a wide array of protein factors that can modulate chromatin structure, act at enhancers, function as transcriptional coregulators, or regulate insulator function. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), an abundant and ubiquitous nuclear enzyme that catalyz...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in cell biology 2008-06, Vol.20 (3), p.294-302
Main Author: Kraus, W Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose - metabolism
Animals
DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
Enhancer Elements, Genetic - genetics
Gene Expression Regulation - genetics
Genome - genetics
Humans
Internal Medicine
Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1
Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose - biosynthesis
Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases - chemistry
Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases - genetics
Protein Processing, Post-Translational - genetics
Protein Structure, Tertiary - genetics
Transcription, Genetic - genetics
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Summary:The regulation of gene expression requires a wide array of protein factors that can modulate chromatin structure, act at enhancers, function as transcriptional coregulators, or regulate insulator function. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), an abundant and ubiquitous nuclear enzyme that catalyzes the NAD+ -dependent addition of ADP-ribose polymers on a variety of nuclear proteins, has been implicated in all of these functions. Recent biochemical, genomic, proteomic, and cell-based studies have highlighted the role of PARP-1 in each of these processes and provided new insights about the molecular mechanisms governing PARP-1-dependent regulation of gene expression. In addition, these studies have demonstrated how PARP-1 functions as an integral part of cellular signaling pathways that culminate in gene-regulatory outcomes.
ISSN:0955-0674
1879-0410
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2008.03.006