Homocysteine induced cardiovascular events: a consequence of long term anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse

Objectives: The long term effects (>20 years) of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use on plasma concentrations of homocysteine (HCY), folate, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index, urea, creatinine, haematocrit (HCT), vitamin B12, and urinary testosterone/epitest...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of sports medicine 2006-07, Vol.40 (7), p.644-648
Main Authors: Graham, M R, Grace, F M, Boobier, W, Hullin, D, Kicman, A, Cowan, D, Davies, B, Baker, J S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AAS
AAS abstinent subjects
AAS using subjects
Adult
Anabolic Agents - adverse effects
Anabolic Agents - pharmacology
anabolic-androgenic steroid
Analysis of Variance
B12
Body mass index
Bodybuilding
bodybuilding controls
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Diseases - blood
Cardiovascular Diseases - chemically induced
Doping in Sports
FAI
fat free mass
fat free mass index
FFM
FFMI
free androgen index
haematocrit
HCT
HCY
Health risk assessment
homocysteine
Homocystine - blood
Hormones
Humans
Long term
Male
Middle Aged
Mortality
Original
reactive oxygen species
Risk Factors
ROS
sedentary controls
sex hormone binding globulin
SHBG
Side effects
Sports medicine
standard deviation
Steroids
Steroids - adverse effects
Steroids - pharmacology
Substance-Related Disorders - complications
T/E
TBM
testosterone/epitestosterone
tHCY
thromboembolism
total body mass
total HCY
vitamin B12
Weight Lifting
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Summary:Objectives: The long term effects (>20 years) of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use on plasma concentrations of homocysteine (HCY), folate, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index, urea, creatinine, haematocrit (HCT), vitamin B12, and urinary testosterone/epitestosterone (T/E) ratio, were examined in a cohort of self-prescribing bodybuilders. Methods: Subjects (n = 40) were divided into four distinct groups: (1) AAS users still using AAS (SU; n = 10); (2) AAS users abstinent from AAS administration for 3 months (SA; n = 10); (3) non-drug using bodybuilding controls (BC; n = 10); and (4) sedentary male controls (SC; n = 10). Results: HCY levels were significantly higher in SU compared with BC and SC (p
ISSN:0306-3674
1473-0480
DOI:10.1136/bjsm.2005.025668