Diastolic dysfunction in persons with hypertensive heart failure

Arterial hypertension is the commonest cause of heart failure in the Savannah region of Nigeria. The prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in patients with hypertensive heart failure in this region is unknown. This needs to be determined, since it may influence therapy. Left ventricular function of 95...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the National Medical Association 2004-07, Vol.96 (7), p.968-973
Main Authors: IMHOGENE ALBERT OYATI, SULEI SOLOMON DANBAUCHI, MOHAMMED AHMED ALHASSAN, ISA, Mohammed S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension
Biological and medical sciences
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Cardiology. Vascular system
Clinical manifestations. Epidemiology. Investigative techniques. Etiology
Comorbidity
Diastole
Echocardiography, Doppler
Female
General aspects
Heart
Heart Failure - diagnostic imaging
Heart Failure - epidemiology
Heart Failure - physiopathology
Heart failure, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, cardiac enlargement
Humans
Hypertension - diagnostic imaging
Hypertension - epidemiology
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Nigeria - epidemiology
Prevalence
Ventricular Function, Left
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Summary:Arterial hypertension is the commonest cause of heart failure in the Savannah region of Nigeria. The prevalence of diastolic dysfunction in patients with hypertensive heart failure in this region is unknown. This needs to be determined, since it may influence therapy. Left ventricular function of 95 patients with hypertensive heart failure and 92 age-/sex-matched, healthy normotensive control was determined by echocardiography using ALOKA SSD 1700 two-dimensional echocardiograph/ Doppler and color flow ultrasound machine. Compared to the controls, the hypertensive heart failure patients had increased left ventricular mass index (LVMI), p = 0.0001; cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), p = 0.0001; and electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (ECG-LVH), p = 0.0001. Isolated diastolic dysfunction, E/A ratio < 1.0, and EF > 50%, was seen in 12 patients (12.6%). Twenty-three patients (24.2%) had combined diastolic and systolic dysfunction (E/A ratio < 1.0 and EF < 50%). Six patients (6.3%) had pseudonormalization (E/A ratio 1.0-2.0 and deceleration time, DT, 150-200 msec), while restrictive pattern of diastolic dysfunction was seen in 25 patients (26.3%). This prevalence of 69.4% of diastolic dysfunction in Nigerians with hypertensive heart failure seen in this study emphasizes the need for Doppler echocardiographic evaluation and diagnosis where these facilities are available. This will aid the physician to prescribe appropriate treatment.
ISSN:0027-9684
1943-4693