Physiology of the ECL cells

The enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells of the oxyntic mucosa (fundus) of the stomach produce, store and secrete histamine, chromogranin A-derived peptides such as pancreastatin, and an unanticipated but as yet unidentified peptide hormone. The cells are stimulated by gastrin and pituitary adenylate c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Yale journal of biology & medicine 1998-05, Vol.71 (3-4), p.163-171
Main Authors: Håkanson, R, Chen, D, Lindström, E, Norlén, P, Björkqvist, M, Lehto-Axtelius, D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Chromogranin A
Enterochromaffin-like Cells - drug effects
Enterochromaffin-like Cells - physiology
Gastrins - metabolism
Gastrins - pharmacology
Histamine - metabolism
Neuropeptides - metabolism
Neuropeptides - pharmacology
Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism
Neurotransmitter Agents - pharmacology
Pancreatic Hormones - metabolism
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide
Rats
Somatostatin - pharmacology
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide - pharmacology
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Summary:The enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells of the oxyntic mucosa (fundus) of the stomach produce, store and secrete histamine, chromogranin A-derived peptides such as pancreastatin, and an unanticipated but as yet unidentified peptide hormone. The cells are stimulated by gastrin and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide and suppressed by somatostatin and galanin. Choline esters and histamine seem to be without effect on ECL cell secretion. The existence of a gastrin-ECL cell axis not only explains how gastrin stimulates acid secretion but also may help to explore the functional significance of the ECL cells with respect to the nature and bioactivity of its peptide hormone. From the results of studies of gastrectomized/fundectomized and gastrin-treated rats, it has been speculated that the anticipated ECL-cell peptide hormone acts on bone metabolism.
ISSN:0044-0086
1551-4056