Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is the infection of ascitic fluid in the absence of any intra-abdominal, surgically treatable source of infection. Despite timely diagnosis and treatment its reported incidence in ascitic patients varies between 7–30%. Ascitic paracentesis remains the chief di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Postgraduate medical journal 2007-06, Vol.83 (980), p.379-383
Main Authors: Koulaouzidis, A, Bhat, S, Karagiannidis, A, Tan, W C, Linaker, B D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdomen
Albumins - therapeutic use
Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
Bacteria
Bacterial Infections - diagnosis
Bacterial Infections - etiology
Bacterial Infections - therapy
Biological and medical sciences
British Society of Gastroenterology
BSG
Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen
General aspects
hepatorenal syndrome
HRS
Humans
IAC
interleukin
International Ascites Club
lipopolysaccharides
LPS
Medical sciences
Other diseases. Semiology
PCT
Peritonitis - diagnosis
Peritonitis - etiology
Peritonitis - microbiology
Peritonitis - therapy
PMNL
polymorphonuclear leucocyte
procalcitonin
Review
SBP
spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
TNFα
tumour necrosis factor α
WCC
white cell count
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Summary:Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is the infection of ascitic fluid in the absence of any intra-abdominal, surgically treatable source of infection. Despite timely diagnosis and treatment its reported incidence in ascitic patients varies between 7–30%. Ascitic paracentesis remains the chief diagnostic procedure. Automated cell counters have the same diagnostic accuracy as the manual measurement of white cells. Lately, the use of leucocyte reagent strips (dipsticks) has emerged as a useful alternative. Examination of the fluid is not complete unless the sample is inoculated in blood culture bottles. Treatment is currently with third-generation cephalosporins or oral quinolones. Following a single episode of SBP patients should have long term antibiotic prophylaxis.
ISSN:0032-5473
1469-0756
DOI:10.1136/pgmj.2006.056168