Iontophoretic Transport Across a Multiple Membrane System

The objective of the present study was to investigate the iontophoretic transport behavior across multiple membranes of different barrier properties. Spectra/Por® (SP) and Ionac membranes were the synthetic membranes and sclera was the biomembrane in this model study. The barrier properties of SP me...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of pharmaceutical sciences 2008-01, Vol.97 (1), p.490-505
Main Authors: Molokhia, Sarah A., Zhang, Yanhui, Higuchi, William I., Li, S.Kevin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chlorides - chemistry
Computer Simulation
Diffusion
drug delivery
Drug Delivery Systems
Electrophoresis
Indicators and Reagents
Ion Exchange
Iontophoresis
Mannitol - chemistry
mathematical model
membrane
Membranes, Artificial
Models, Statistical
Osmosis
Permeability
Sodium - chemistry
Tetraethylammonium - chemistry
transference number
transport
Urea - chemistry
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Summary:The objective of the present study was to investigate the iontophoretic transport behavior across multiple membranes of different barrier properties. Spectra/Por® (SP) and Ionac membranes were the synthetic membranes and sclera was the biomembrane in this model study. The barrier properties of SP membranes were determined individually in passive and iontophoresis transport experiments with tetraethylammonium ion (TEA), chloride ion (Cl), and mannitol as the model permeants. Passive and iontophoretic transport experiments were then conducted with an assembly of SP membranes. The contribution of electroosmosis to iontophoresis was assessed using the mannitol data. Model analysis was performed to study the contribution of diffusion and electromigration to electrotransport across the multiple membrane system. The effects of membrane barrier thickness upon ion‐exchange membrane‐enhanced iontophoresis were examined with Ionac, SP, and sclera. The present study shows that iontophoretic transport of TEA across the membrane system was related to the thicknesses and permeability coefficients of the membranes and the electromobilities of the permeant across the individual membranes in the assembly. Model analysis suggests significant contribution of diffusion within the membranes across the membrane system, and this mechanism is relatively independent of the current density applied across the system in iontophoresis dominant transport. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 97:490–505, 2008
ISSN:0022-3549
1520-6017
DOI:10.1002/jps.21231