Robust norms for selected neuropsychological tests in older adults

The current study provided longitudinal robust norms for individuals age 70 years and older for several neuropsychological tests. We compared baseline neuropsychological test performance in three groups free of dementia at baseline: a robust normative sample free of dementia for at least two post-fo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of clinical neuropsychology 2008-09, Vol.23 (5), p.531-541
Main Authors: Holtzer, Roee, Goldin, Yelena, Zimmerman, Molly, Katz, Mindy, Buschke, Herman, Lipton, Richard B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Aging - psychology
Analysis of Variance
Attention - physiology
Attrition
Biological and medical sciences
Cognition Disorders - diagnosis
Cognition Disorders - psychology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dementia
Dementia - diagnosis
Dementia - epidemiology
Dementia - psychology
Female
Geriatric Assessment
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Neuropsychological Tests - standards
Norms
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychometrics. Diagnostic aid systems
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Reference Standards
Retrospective Studies
Techniques and methods
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Summary:The current study provided longitudinal robust norms for individuals age 70 years and older for several neuropsychological tests. We compared baseline neuropsychological test performance in three groups free of dementia at baseline: a robust normative sample free of dementia for at least two post-follow-up assessments, an incident dementia sample which developed new onset dementia during the follow-up and a lost to follow-up (LTF) sample. ANCOVAs showed that the robust sample performed better on all neuropsychological tests compared to the incident dementia and LTF samples. These findings support the argument that individuals in transition to developing dementia may reduce the mean, increase the variability and therefore underestimate cognitive performance in normal aging. We suggest that longitudinal robust norms may help mitigate the limitations inherent in cross-sectional normative samples.
ISSN:0887-6177
1873-5843
DOI:10.1016/j.acn.2008.05.004