Disinfection alternatives for control of Ditylenchus dipsaci in garlic seed cloves

Hot-water dips with and without the additives abamectin and sodium hypochlorite were evaluated for control of Ditylenchus dipsaci infection of garlic seed cloves. All treatments were compared to hot water-formalin clove dip disinfection and to nontreated infected controls for garlic emergence, midse...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of nematology 1995-12, Vol.27 (4), p.448-456
Main Authors: Roberts, P.A. (University of California, Riverside, CA.), Matthews, W.C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ALLIUM SATIVUM
AVERMECTINAS
AVERMECTINE
CHLORE
CLORO
CONTROL DE NEMATODOS
DESINFECCION
DESINFECTANT
DESINFECTANTES
DESINFECTION
DITYLENCHUS DIPSACI
EMERGENCIA
FORMALDEHIDOS
FORMALDEHYDE
LEVEE
LUTTE ANTINEMATODE
NEMATODE DES PLANTES
NEMATODOS DE LAS PLANTAS
PERDIDAS DE LA COSECHA
PERTE DE RECOLTE
RENDEMENT DES CULTURES
RENDIMIENTO DE CULTIVOS
TRAITEMENT THERMIQUE
TRATAMIENTO TERMICO
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Summary:Hot-water dips with and without the additives abamectin and sodium hypochlorite were evaluated for control of Ditylenchus dipsaci infection of garlic seed cloves. All treatments were compared to hot water-formalin clove dip disinfection and to nontreated infected controls for garlic emergence, midseason infection, bulb damage, and yield at harvest in field plots in 12 experiments. Hot-water treatments without additives only partially controlled D. dipsaci when a warming presoak dip (38 C) of 30, 45, or 60 minutes' duration was followed by a hot-water dip (49 C) of 15-30 minutes' duration. Exposure to 49 C for 30 minutes caused slight retardation of garlic emergence, although normal stand was established. Abamectin at 10-20 ppm as the 20-minute hot dip (49 C) or as a 20-minute cool dip (18 C) following a 20-minute hot-water dip and sodium hypochlorite at 1.052-1.313% aqueous solution as the 20-minute hot dip were highly effective in controlling D. dipsaci and were noninjurious to garlic seed cloves. None of these treatments was as effective as a hot water-formalin dip and were noneradicative, but showed high efficacy on heavily infected seed cloves relative to nontreated controls. Abamectin was most effective as a cool dip. These abamectin cool-dip (following hot-water dip) and sodium hypochlorite hot-dip treatments can be considered as effective alternatives to replace formalin as a dip additive for control of clove-borne D. dipsaci. Sodium hypochlorite was less effective as the cool dip, and at concentrations of 1.75-2.63% was phytotoxic to garlic
ISSN:0022-300X
2640-396X