Inner ear drug delivery for auditory applications

Many inner ear disorders cannot be adequately treated by systemic drug delivery. A blood-cochlear barrier exists, similar physiologically to the blood-brain barrier, which limits the concentration and size of molecules able to leave the circulation and gain access to the cells of the inner ear. Howe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced drug delivery reviews 2008-12, Vol.60 (15), p.1583-1599
Main Authors: Swan, Erin E. Leary, Mescher, Mark J., Sewell, William F., Tao, Sarah L., Borenstein, Jeffrey T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Active
Administration, Topical
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cochlea
Cochlea - metabolism
Device
Drug Delivery Systems
Ear, Inner - metabolism
General pharmacology
Hearing
Humans
Intracochlear
Intratympanic
Labyrinth Diseases - drug therapy
Local drug delivery
Medical sciences
Passive
Pharmaceutical Preparations - administration & dosage
Pharmaceutical technology. Pharmaceutical industry
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Tympanic Membrane - metabolism
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Summary:Many inner ear disorders cannot be adequately treated by systemic drug delivery. A blood-cochlear barrier exists, similar physiologically to the blood-brain barrier, which limits the concentration and size of molecules able to leave the circulation and gain access to the cells of the inner ear. However, research in novel therapeutics and delivery systems has led to significant progress in the development of local methods of drug delivery to the inner ear. Intratympanic approaches, which deliver therapeutics to the middle ear, rely on permeation through tissue for access to the structures of the inner ear, whereas intracochlear methods are able to directly insert drugs into the inner ear. Innovative drug delivery systems to treat various inner ear ailments such as ototoxicity, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, autoimmune inner ear disease, and for preserving neurons and regenerating sensory cells are being explored.
ISSN:0169-409X
1872-8294
DOI:10.1016/j.addr.2008.08.001