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Vitamin D Deficiency in Older Men

Context: Vitamin D deficiency is not adequately evaluated in older men. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and identify risk factors for its occurrence. Design and Setting: We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation of 1606 older men in the general...

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Published in:The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2009-04, Vol.94 (4), p.1214-1222
Main Authors: Orwoll, Eric, Nielson, Carrie M., Marshall, Lynn M., Lambert, Lori, Holton, Kathleen F., Hoffman, Andrew R., Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth, Shikany, James M., Dam, Tien, Cauley, Jane A.
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container_title The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
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creator Orwoll, Eric
Nielson, Carrie M.
Marshall, Lynn M.
Lambert, Lori
Holton, Kathleen F.
Hoffman, Andrew R.
Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth
Shikany, James M.
Dam, Tien
Cauley, Jane A.
description Context: Vitamin D deficiency is not adequately evaluated in older men. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and identify risk factors for its occurrence. Design and Setting: We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation of 1606 older men in the general community who were enrolled in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. Participants: A randomly selected subcohort of a large population of men from six U.S. communities participated in the study. Main Outcome Measures: Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] and 25(OH)D3 were measured using mass spectrometry. Results: Deficiency [25(OH)D
doi_str_mv 10.1210/jc.2008-1784
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Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and identify risk factors for its occurrence. Design and Setting: We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation of 1606 older men in the general community who were enrolled in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. Participants: A randomly selected subcohort of a large population of men from six U.S. communities participated in the study. Main Outcome Measures: Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] and 25(OH)D3 were measured using mass spectrometry. Results: Deficiency [25(OH)D &lt;20 ng/ml] was present in 26%, and insufficiency (&lt;30 ng/ml) was present in 72%. Deficiency was particularly common among men during the winter and spring (especially in the northern communities) and in the oldest and more obese men. For instance, in Caucasian men in winter or spring who were &gt;80 yr old, did not engage in lawn/garden work, and had a body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2 and vitamin D intake below 400 IU/d, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 86%. 25(OH)D2 levels were present in a small fraction of men and accounted for a low proportion of total 25(OH)D levels. The use of vitamin D supplements was reported by 58% of men, but supplement use had a small effect on total 25(OH)D levels and, despite supplement use, low levels remained frequent. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is common in older men and is especially prevalent in obese, sedentary men living at higher latitudes. Use of vitamin D supplements at levels reported here did not result in adequate vitamin D nutrition. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in older men in the United States, despite the common use of vitamin D supplements.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-972X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1945-7197</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-1784</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19174492</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JCEMAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: Endocrine Society</publisher><subject>Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biological and medical sciences ; Body Mass Index ; Calcifediol - blood ; Calcium - metabolism ; Cohort Studies ; Continental Population Groups ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Educational Status ; Endocrinopathies ; Ethnic Groups ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Original ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems ; Vertebrates: endocrinology ; Vitamin D - metabolism ; Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2009-04, Vol.94 (4), p.1214-1222</ispartof><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2009 by The Endocrine Society 2009</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-903feb7eb8fa6a9a761cc1ac59f89c920bb68e77be0a1edb8c5d45d24176ff5c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-903feb7eb8fa6a9a761cc1ac59f89c920bb68e77be0a1edb8c5d45d24176ff5c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=21353967$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19174492$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Orwoll, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nielson, Carrie M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marshall, Lynn M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lambert, Lori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holton, Kathleen F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoffman, Andrew R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shikany, James M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dam, Tien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cauley, Jane A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group</creatorcontrib><title>Vitamin D Deficiency in Older Men</title><title>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</title><addtitle>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</addtitle><description>Context: Vitamin D deficiency is not adequately evaluated in older men. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and identify risk factors for its occurrence. Design and Setting: We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation of 1606 older men in the general community who were enrolled in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. Participants: A randomly selected subcohort of a large population of men from six U.S. communities participated in the study. Main Outcome Measures: Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] and 25(OH)D3 were measured using mass spectrometry. Results: Deficiency [25(OH)D &lt;20 ng/ml] was present in 26%, and insufficiency (&lt;30 ng/ml) was present in 72%. Deficiency was particularly common among men during the winter and spring (especially in the northern communities) and in the oldest and more obese men. For instance, in Caucasian men in winter or spring who were &gt;80 yr old, did not engage in lawn/garden work, and had a body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2 and vitamin D intake below 400 IU/d, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 86%. 25(OH)D2 levels were present in a small fraction of men and accounted for a low proportion of total 25(OH)D levels. The use of vitamin D supplements was reported by 58% of men, but supplement use had a small effect on total 25(OH)D levels and, despite supplement use, low levels remained frequent. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is common in older men and is especially prevalent in obese, sedentary men living at higher latitudes. Use of vitamin D supplements at levels reported here did not result in adequate vitamin D nutrition. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in older men in the United States, despite the common use of vitamin D supplements.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Calcifediol - blood</subject><subject>Calcium - metabolism</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Continental Population Groups</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Educational Status</subject><subject>Endocrinopathies</subject><subject>Ethnic Groups</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><subject>Vertebrates: endocrinology</subject><subject>Vitamin D - metabolism</subject><subject>Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology</subject><issn>0021-972X</issn><issn>1945-7197</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNptkEFPGzEQRi1URFLgxrlKD3DqBo_Xa68vlarQFiQQl7bqzfLOjqmjjTfYCVL-PRslgiJxGo3m6ftGj7Ez4FMQwC_nOBWc1wXoWh6wMRhZFRqM_sDGnAsojBZ_R-xjznPOQcqqPGIjMKClNGLMPv8JK7cIcXI1uSIfMFDEzWTY77uW0uSO4gk79K7LdLqfx-z3j--_ZtfF7f3Pm9m32wJlpVaF4aWnRlNTe6eccVoBIjisjK8NGsGbRtWkdUPcAbVNjVUrq1ZI0Mr7Cstj9nWXu1w3C2qR4iq5zi5TWLi0sb0L9u0lhn_2oX-yQtVCKjkEXOwDUv-4pryyi5CRus5F6tfZKg1ClrUYwC87EFOfcyL_UgLcbp3aOdqtU7t1OuCf_n_sFd5LHIDzPeAyus4nFzHkF05AWZVG6YErdxzFtscUIi0T5Wzn_TrFQe379c9aqY_k</recordid><startdate>20090401</startdate><enddate>20090401</enddate><creator>Orwoll, Eric</creator><creator>Nielson, Carrie M.</creator><creator>Marshall, Lynn M.</creator><creator>Lambert, Lori</creator><creator>Holton, Kathleen F.</creator><creator>Hoffman, Andrew R.</creator><creator>Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth</creator><creator>Shikany, James M.</creator><creator>Dam, Tien</creator><creator>Cauley, Jane A.</creator><general>Endocrine Society</general><general>The Endocrine Society</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090401</creationdate><title>Vitamin D Deficiency in Older Men</title><author>Orwoll, Eric ; Nielson, Carrie M. ; Marshall, Lynn M. ; Lambert, Lori ; Holton, Kathleen F. ; Hoffman, Andrew R. ; Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth ; Shikany, James M. ; Dam, Tien ; Cauley, Jane A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-903feb7eb8fa6a9a761cc1ac59f89c920bb68e77be0a1edb8c5d45d24176ff5c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Calcifediol - blood</topic><topic>Calcium - metabolism</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Continental Population Groups</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Educational Status</topic><topic>Endocrinopathies</topic><topic>Ethnic Groups</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><topic>Vertebrates: endocrinology</topic><topic>Vitamin D - metabolism</topic><topic>Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Orwoll, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nielson, Carrie M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marshall, Lynn M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lambert, Lori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holton, Kathleen F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoffman, Andrew R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shikany, James M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dam, Tien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cauley, Jane A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Orwoll, Eric</au><au>Nielson, Carrie M.</au><au>Marshall, Lynn M.</au><au>Lambert, Lori</au><au>Holton, Kathleen F.</au><au>Hoffman, Andrew R.</au><au>Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth</au><au>Shikany, James M.</au><au>Dam, Tien</au><au>Cauley, Jane A.</au><aucorp>Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group</aucorp><aucorp>for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Vitamin D Deficiency in Older Men</atitle><jtitle>The journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism</jtitle><addtitle>J Clin Endocrinol Metab</addtitle><date>2009-04-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>94</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1214</spage><epage>1222</epage><pages>1214-1222</pages><issn>0021-972X</issn><eissn>1945-7197</eissn><coden>JCEMAZ</coden><abstract>Context: Vitamin D deficiency is not adequately evaluated in older men. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and identify risk factors for its occurrence. Design and Setting: We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation of 1606 older men in the general community who were enrolled in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. Participants: A randomly selected subcohort of a large population of men from six U.S. communities participated in the study. Main Outcome Measures: Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] and 25(OH)D3 were measured using mass spectrometry. Results: Deficiency [25(OH)D &lt;20 ng/ml] was present in 26%, and insufficiency (&lt;30 ng/ml) was present in 72%. Deficiency was particularly common among men during the winter and spring (especially in the northern communities) and in the oldest and more obese men. For instance, in Caucasian men in winter or spring who were &gt;80 yr old, did not engage in lawn/garden work, and had a body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2 and vitamin D intake below 400 IU/d, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 86%. 25(OH)D2 levels were present in a small fraction of men and accounted for a low proportion of total 25(OH)D levels. The use of vitamin D supplements was reported by 58% of men, but supplement use had a small effect on total 25(OH)D levels and, despite supplement use, low levels remained frequent. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is common in older men and is especially prevalent in obese, sedentary men living at higher latitudes. Use of vitamin D supplements at levels reported here did not result in adequate vitamin D nutrition. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in older men in the United States, despite the common use of vitamin D supplements.</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>Endocrine Society</pub><pmid>19174492</pmid><doi>10.1210/jc.2008-1784</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source Oxford Journals Online
subjects Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biological and medical sciences
Body Mass Index
Calcifediol - blood
Calcium - metabolism
Cohort Studies
Continental Population Groups
Cross-Sectional Studies
Educational Status
Endocrinopathies
Ethnic Groups
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Original
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Vertebrates: endocrinology
Vitamin D - metabolism
Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology
title Vitamin D Deficiency in Older Men
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