Adaptive strategies of African horse sickness virus to facilitate vector transmission

African horse sickness virus (AHSV) is an orbivirus that is usually transmitted between its equid hosts by adult Culicoides midges. In this article, we review the ways in which AHSV may have adapted to this mode of transmission. The AHSV particle can be modified by the pH or proteolytic enzymes of i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary research (Paris) 2009-03, Vol.40 (2), p.16-16
Main Authors: Wilson, Anthony, Mellor, Philip Scott, Szmaragd, Camille, Mertens, Peter Paul Clement
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological
African Horse Sickness - transmission
African Horse Sickness - virology
African Horse Sickness Virus - physiology
Animal biology
Animal genetics
Animals
Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Cell Behavior
Cellular Biology
Ceratopogonidae - virology
Genetics
Immunology
Insect Vectors - virology
Life Sciences
Microbiology and Parasitology
Molecular biology
Neurons and Cognition
Review
Santé publique et épidémiologie
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Summary:African horse sickness virus (AHSV) is an orbivirus that is usually transmitted between its equid hosts by adult Culicoides midges. In this article, we review the ways in which AHSV may have adapted to this mode of transmission. The AHSV particle can be modified by the pH or proteolytic enzymes of its immediate environment, altering its ability to infect different cell types. The degree of pathogenesis in the host and vector may also represent adaptations maximising the likelihood of successful vectorial transmission. However, speculation upon several adaptations for vectorial transmission is based upon research on related viruses such as bluetongue virus (BTV), and further direct studies of AHSV are required in order to improve our understanding of this important virus.
ISSN:0928-4249
1297-9716
DOI:10.1051/vetres:2008054