Second Primary Breast Cancer Occurrence According to Hormone Receptor Status

• Published in: JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2009-08, Vol.101 (15), p.1058-1065
• Main Authors: Kurian, Allison W., McClure, Laura A., John, Esther M., Horn-Ross, Pamela L., Ford, James M., Clarke, Christina A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Breast cancer; Breast Neoplasms - chemistry; Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology; Breast Neoplasms - ethnology; Female; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Hormones; Humans; Incidence; Mammary gland diseases; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent - chemistry; Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent - epidemiology; Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent - ethnology; Neoplasms, Second Primary - chemistry; Neoplasms, Second Primary - epidemiology; Neoplasms, Second Primary - ethnology; Odds Ratio; Population Surveillance; Receptors, Estrogen - analysis; Receptors, Progesterone - analysis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; SEER Program; Tumors; United States - epidemiology
• ISSN: 0027-8874; 1460-2105
• DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djp181

Background Contralateral second primary breast cancers occur in 4% of female breast cancer survivors. Little is known about differences in risk for second primary breast cancers related to the estrogen and progesterone receptor (hormone receptor [HR]) status of the first tumor. Methods We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for contralateral primary breast cancers among 4927 women diagnosed with a first breast cancer between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 2004, using the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Results For women whose first breast tumors were HR positive, risk of contralateral primary breast cancer was elevated, compared with the general population, adjusted for age, race, and calendar year (SIR = 2.22, 95% CI = 2.15 to 2.29, absolute risk [AR] = 13 cases per 10 000 person-years [PY]), and was not related to the HR status of the second tumor. For women whose first breast tumors were HR negative, the risk of a contralateral primary tumor was statistically significantly higher than that for women whose first tumors were HR positive (SIR = 3.57, 95% CI = 3.38 to 3.78, AR = 18 per 10 000 PY), and it was associated with a much greater likelihood of an HR-negative second tumor (SIR for HR-positive second tumors = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.77 to 2.13, AR = 20 per 10 000 PY; SIR for HR-negative second tumors = 9.81, 95% CI = 9.00 to 10.7, AR = 24 per 10 000 PY). Women who were initially diagnosed with HR-negative tumors when younger than 30 years had greatly elevated risk of HR-negative contralateral tumors, compared with the general population (SIR = 169, 95% CI = 106 to 256, AR = 77 per 10 000 PY). Incidence rates for any contralateral primary cancer following an HR-negative or HR-positive tumor were higher in non-Hispanic blacks, Hispanics, and Asians or Pacific Islanders than in non-Hispanic whites. Conclusions Risk for contralateral second primary breast cancers varies substantially by HR status of the first tumor, age, and race and/or ethnicity. Women with HR-negative first tumors have nearly a 10-fold elevated risk of developing HR-negative second tumors, compared with the general population. These findings warrant intensive surveillance for second breast cancers in women with HR-negative tumors.